170 



PISCES. 



Fam. Cyprinodontidae (Toothed Carps). Viviparous. Oyprinodan (Li-bins 

 Guv.) caJarltniiiix (.'uv., South Europe : Amililt-jix tetrophtlial/nvus Bl.. Guiana. 



Fam. Siluridse. Fresh-water fish, usually with broad depressed head, strong 

 dental armature, and skin naked or covered with an armour of bony plates. 

 Silwrus glanis L. (VVels, Waller). The largest river fish of Europe. Hypostovius 

 Lac. (Panzerwels) : Mnlaptcrurux i-lcctricus L. (Zitterwells). Nile. 



FIG. 613.--i>oforfs XundeMii (after Cuvier and Valenciennes). 



Sub-order 4. Anacanthini. Malacopterygians (soft tins), which 

 with regard to their internal anatomy are allied to the Acaiitho- 

 pteri bv the absence of a ductus pneumaticus ; usually with jugular 

 pelvic fins. 



Fam. OpMdiidce. Opliidhtin In rluiiuiii L.. Mediterranean; Ammodytes 

 toliiunux L., Sand-eel, North Sea. 



Fain. Gadidae, Gndu-s murrliua (the Cod). In Germany dried cod is called 

 Stockfisch, salted cod Laberdan. Cod-liver oil is prepared from its liver. Its 



PIG. 614. Gasterosteim acitleafus (after Heckel and Kner). 



young- (Dorsch) were for a long time considered as a separate species (G. 

 callariux). (*. eefflcfinux L. Haddock, with a black spot behind the pectoral 

 fin. G. merlani/itx L., Whiting, coasts of North Europe ; Mt-rhircius ntl//</rix 

 Flern.. Hake, Mediterranean and Northern Seas; Latu vulijuria Cuv.. Burbot, 

 Eel-j)out, Cony tish. Predatory fresh-water fish. 



Fam. Pleuronectidse. Flat fishes. The body is compressed, disc-shaped, and 

 strikingly asymmetrical. The side which is directed upwards towards the light 

 is pigmented (with change of colours) ; the other is free from pigment. Both 



