261 



protrusiblc penis. Crtt.i- iiln-tnr L., Cnrassow. South America ; I'ru.r /in u.ri I,.. 

 I', (/iili'ntii Cuv.. Mexico; Pi nclo/n- i-rixtutu Gm., Guan, Brazil; Mi'liiii/rix 

 nir.riatt/ia, Gould., ancestral form of M. f/a/ln/itirti, the Turkey. 



Merc are allied the Crypturidae (Tinamidae). Tinamous, and Opisthocomidae, 



Fain. Megapodiidae (Mound-birds). Long-legged GaJIincci, of medium si/c, 

 with short, broad tail and large, strongly-clawed. ambulatory foot (pcs ambula- 

 torius), the hind toe of which is articulated at the same level a,s the front toes. 

 MegacepTtalon ituilco Temm., Celebes: MegapoAivs tinnnlux, North East of 

 Australia. 



Farm Phasianidae (True fowls). The head is partially bare of feathers, 

 especially in the cheek region : it is often adorned with coloured combs, cutane- 

 ous lobes or tufts of feathers, and has a strongly-arched beak of medium length, 

 with the point curved downwards. The two sexes are strikingly different, the 

 male being larger and more richly adorned. They are inhabitants of the Old 

 World, (j/iUiix htiiilth-a Temm., Island of Sunda ; LopJinphornx r/'f!r/e/txTemm.. 

 Himalayas : J'hnxiti /tux rolclrlcvs L., Common Pheasant ; Ph. plrf/ix L.. Golden 

 I'hrasant; Ph. (^GallopJiasis) it//rf/irji>t'n/x L., Silver Pheasant, China; Pan* 

 rrixtiitiix L., Peacock; Argus i/i//iu/f/'i/x Temm., Argus Pheasant, Malacca, 

 Borneo : Xumiilii ini'li'/t i/rh L.. Guinea Fowl, North Africa. 



Fain. Tetraonidae. The body is stout, the neck short, the head small and 

 feathered, with at most.one naked stripe above the eyes. The legs are short, 

 and are usually feathered down to the toes. Tt-trttn vrnijuUiix L., Capercally ; 

 T. tetr'ix L., Black Grouse. The hybrid between these two species is called 

 T. medlus, by Meyer. T. Iw/it/xi/t L., Hazel Grouse ; Layopux ulli/ix Vieill., 

 Willow Grouse, Scandinavia ; L. alpin.iix Nilss. ; Pt-i-drix cinrrrit, Briss., Par- 

 tridge ; P. sn.ratili,i M.W. ; /'. rnln-ti Temm.. Red-legged Partridge ; Coturni.r 

 (factt/Iinonfuix Meyer. Quail. 



Fain. Pteroclidae (Sand-grouse). Small (InUimn-i-i, with small head, short 

 beak, short, weak legs, long-pointed wings and wedge-shaped tail. Feet with 

 short toes ; hind toe when present rudimentary and attached high up : it may 

 be absent. Ptemclca alchnta Gray, in Asia Minor and Africa ; Stfi 

 p;tr<i<ln.rii.t Pall., in the steppes of Tartary. and lately in North Germany. 



Order 4. COLUMBIN.E (PIGEONS). 



Birds with weak soft ll,-. *n\>U<'n ro>/</ tin 1 nml apertures, with 

 jointed witKjs of medium size, <m<l short cloven feet impedes Jissi). Tin- 

 young are altrices. 



The Columbince are most nearly allied to the Pteroclidce. They 

 are of medium size, with small head, short neck and short legs. The 

 beak is longer than in the 6W////mW, but weaker, and gently arched 

 at the horny, somewhat turned- up extremity. At the base of the 

 beak the scaly cover of the nasal openings is swollen, naked, and 

 membranous. The rather long, pointed wings enable the bird to 

 lly quickly and skilfully. The tail is weak and rounded, and contains 

 usually twelve, rarely fourteen, or sixteen rectrices. 



