330 



MAMMALIA. 



I- 1 am. Ehinolophidae. Ears separated without tragus. RJumolophus Jiij>- 

 posidcros Bechst., small Horseshoe-nose. Jlli. fri-runt equinu-ni Shreb., large 

 Horseshoe-nose ; Phi/llorltuin i/iunx Wagn., Guinea. 



Fam. Megadermidae. The large ears approximated, with long tragus. 

 Jfryaderma lyra Geoffr. ; Rhiiiopinna micropJiyllttm Geoffr., Egypt. 



Fam. Phyllostomidae. With thick head and long truncated tongue. Nasal 

 apparatus usually with upright lancet. Ears almost always separate, with 



215 

 ear-valve. Phyllostoma luutatum Fall., Brazil. Dentition: ^15' 



iy, xjH'ctnun L., the Vampire of Central Ameri'-a. 



Order 13. PROSIMI.E (LEMURS). 



a/iimnls nf the Old World, with complete insectivor-like 



dentition, with hands and pre- 

 hensile feet, without a dosed 

 orl>lt, and ivith thoracic and 

 abdominal mammce. 



The dentition holds a posi- 

 tion intermediate between that 

 of the Garni vora and that of 

 the Insectivora, There are 

 usually four incisors, of which 

 the upper are separated by a 

 wide gap, while the lower pro- 

 ject more or less horizontally ; 

 there are projecting canines, 

 and numerous sharply-tuber- 

 culated grinders. The lower 

 jaw is relatively weak, and its 

 two rami remain permanently 

 ^parate at the syrnphysis. The 

 orbits are, indeed, completely 

 surrounded by a bridge of bone, but are not shut off from the 

 temporal fossa as they are in the Apes. In many Lemurs the 

 clitoris is perforated by the urethra. Uterus two-horned or 

 double. There are usually several pairs of teats. The anterior 

 limbs are shorter than the posterior. The great toe, like the 

 thumb, is opposable except in Galeopithecus. They thus have 

 the hands and prehensile feet of Apes, and also flat nails on the 

 extremities of the ringers and toes, except in Galeopithecus and 

 (tig. 701), which have claws on all the fingers and toes. 



^ 



