12 INTRODUCTION. 



may be found in Parker's "Elementary Biology" (Macmil- 

 lan) and Hertwig's "General Principles of Zoology" (Holt). 



Besides these there are a number of good works treating 

 of special groups of animals. The student at the seashore 

 of our New England States finds Verrill and Smith's "In- 

 vertebrates of Vineyard Sound" indispensable. This was 

 published in the Report of the U. S. Fish Commission for 

 187*1-2, but separate copies may be had from dealers in 

 scientific books. A broader range of forms and wider 

 geographical limits characterizes Arnold's "Sea Beach at 

 Ebb Tide" (Century Co.). Emerton's "Life on the Sea- 

 shore" (Cassino) covers much the same ground, but in a 

 more elementary manner. For the identification of 

 vertebrates Jordan's "Manual of the Vertebrates" (Mc- 

 Clurg) is the standard. There are two good works upon 

 molluscs, Woodward's "Manual of the Mollusca" (London) 

 and Tryon's "Structural and Systematic Conchology," 

 3 vols. (Philadelphia), both well illustrated. The insects 

 are well treated in Comstock's "Manual of the Study of 

 Insects' 1 (Comstock Pub. Co., Ithaca, N. Y.), Howard's 

 "Insect Book" (Doubleday, Page & Co.), and Hyatt and 

 Arms' "Insecta" (Heath, Boston). An older work, but 

 still of great value, is Harris' "Insects Injurious to Vege- 

 tation' (Boston). The butterflies and moths are well 

 illustrated and described in Holland's " Butterfly Book ;: 

 and "Moth Book" (Doubleday, Page & Co.). 



There are several works dealing with birds. Of these 

 possibly Chapman's "Birds of North-Eastern America" 

 (Appleton) and Coues' "Key to North American Birds'' 

 (Estes & Lauriat) are most widely known. Ridgeway's 

 "Manual of North American Birds" (Lippincott) is also 

 good, as is Chamberlain's edition of NuttalFs "Ornithol- 

 ogy" (Boston). 



