DISTRIBUTION. 411 



hippopotamus and giraffes, the numerous Antilopes, and 

 the gorilla and chimpanzee, while a part of it Madagascar, 

 often set off as a Malagassy region is the great home of 

 the lemurs. 



The lemurs, elephants, and rhinoceroses, which also 

 occur in Africa, are found in the Oriental region, which 

 has besides the orang-utan and the gibbons. The mon- 

 keys of this and the Ethiopian region belong to the 

 Catarrhine division. 



The Palsearctic region abuts against the Oriental, Ethi- 

 opian, and Xearctic regions, and members of each extend 

 into it so that it is not so sharply marked as the rest. 

 Indeed, it is characterized more by what it lacks than by 

 what it contains. Among the more striking members of 

 the fauna are the chamois, the horses, and the great num- 

 ber of deer. 



The Nearctic region is characterized by the presence of 

 the pronghorn antelope, the sewellel, the star-nose mole, 

 and Rocky Mountain goat, as well as by the great num- 

 bers of tailed amphibians and ganoids. It is capable of 

 subdivision into an Arctic region, essentially similar to 

 that of the Palsearctic, an eastern region, including most 

 of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, a 

 Pacific region, and a Sonoran region, which merges into the 

 Neotropical of Mexico. 



In the oceans similar divisions may be made, but only 

 a few of the broader features need mention here. The 

 Arctic, the temperate, and the tropical seas each have 

 their peculiar and characteristic fauna3, the temperate and 

 tropical regions being subdivided by the continents into 

 Pacific and Atlantic areas. Again there is an eastern 

 and a western Atlantic and similar Pacific areas. The 

 boundaries between these are less marked than in the 



