182 



ZOOLOGY. 



The month is situated on a disk (lopliopliore, Fig. 127, B), 

 bearing the tentacles, which are hollow processes of the 

 body-walls, communicating with the body-cavity, the blood 

 flowing into them, there being aerated, while they are exter- 

 nally ciliated. They serve both to catch food and for respir- 

 ation as makeshift gills. Hyatt states that the tentacles are 

 used not only to catch the prey, but for a multitude of other 



offices. They are each capable of in- 

 dependent motion, and may be twisted 

 or turned in any direction ; bending 

 inwards, they take up and discard 

 objectionable matter, or push down 

 into the stomach and clear the 

 oesophagus of food too small to be 

 acted upon by the parietal muscles. 

 They are also employed offensively in 

 striking an intrusive neighbor, and 

 their tactile power, sensitive to the 

 slightest unusual vibration in the 

 water, warns the polypidc of the ap- 

 proach of danger. 



The digestive canal hangs free in 

 the body-cavity, only attached by the 

 mouth and anus to the walls of the 

 body. It consists of a pharynx, a 

 large stomach, and an intestine which 



TU flin aiil^ r\f fho nliniMrviv 



tne U10 pliaiyilX, SlllCC 



^ n dirrmlo rloon rlnvcnl 

 b a SimpK leep ClOrSill 



flexure > tne vcllt being situated on 

 , cei; , posterior ,ci] the dorsal or cardiac side, near the 



anterior cord, at the insertion 



oi which into the body the moutn. Usually the stomach is tied 



generative products are devel- , ,, , . , ,. . , . , 



oped: /, testes : o, ovary ; m, by a sort oi ligament (fumculus) to 



retractor muscles of the ante- < J.T i n -n .1 



portion or the ceii mr a point on the body-walls, near the 

 musL ' le " mouth. 



Fig. 127. Organization of a lipo. 



Polyzoon. A, PahirJice-lla Eh- ' 



renbergii. B, PhiinaMln fru- flip r-inil 

 ticosit. f; tentacular l>rancliiae 



The nervous system is rep- 

 resented by a double ganglion form- 



ing a single mass situated between the mouth and vent; it 

 is highly contractile and changeable in form. There is no 

 heart nor any circulatory apparatus. The sexes are united 

 in a single polypide, the glands forming masses growing on 



