592 FAMILY VII. TETTIGONIID^E. THE KATYDIDS. 



sissippi, its known distribution extending from Vermont, Mas- 

 sachusetts and southern Ontario, west to Minnesota and central 

 Illinois and south to Virginia and central Kentucky. It is the 

 species heretofore recorded by most writers, myself included 

 (1903, 393), as A. pacliyincms (Burm.) and there is no direct evi- 

 dence to prove that it is not that species. 



Davis (1893) has given a pleasing account of the song and 

 habits of testaceus as noted on Staten Island, in part as follows : 



"On June 26 I heard in a moist pasture a striclulation that was un- 

 known to me. It much resembled that of Orchelimum vulgare, with the pre- 

 liminary zip, zip omitted. It was a continuous z-e-e-e, with an occasional 

 short ik, caused by the insect getting its wing covers ready for action after 

 a period of silence. In due time I discovered, in a tussock of rank swamp- 

 grass, the brown songster, Thyreonotus pachymerus, perched on a dead 

 leaf. He was transferred from the tussock to a tin can and at home I 

 made a home for him in a larger can in which was a branch of post oak 

 whose leaves soon dried, furnished innumerable nooks and crannies in 

 which to hide. Usually, however, the insect did not hide at all but perched 

 himself on one of the topmost leaves and there waved his antennae after 

 the manner of all long-horned Orthoptera. Starting with raspberries, he 

 had the rest of the fruits in their season, including watermelon, of which 

 he showed a marked appreciation. If I offered him a raspberry and then 

 gradually drew it away, he would follow in the direction of the departing 

 fruit, and would finally eat it from my hand. At night he stridulated with 

 unabated zeal to the first of August when he began to be less sprightly. 

 Finally his song, instead of filling the room, was but a faint sound and the 

 end came on the tenth or eleventh of September." 



Allard (1911b, 118) says of the song of A. tcstuccns on Plum- 

 nier's Island, Md. : "One was singing after dark very close to the 

 ground on a dry rocky thinly-wooded hillside. Its notes have the 

 same lisping character as an Orchelimum. The phrases are brief, 

 but rapidly repeated, with irregular intervals of silence interven- 

 ing ; sh-sh-sh-sh-sh sh-sh-sh-sh-sh sh-sh-sh-sh-sh. Several times 

 while watching the insect stridulate by candle-light the writer 

 lisped an approach to its notes and got an immediate response." 



At Moline, 111., McNeill (1891) found the first adults on Aug. 

 9 and states that those kept in captivity showed a decided taste 1 

 for animal food so that in the wild state it may be at least partly 

 carnivorous. 



Osborn records a specimen from Camp Douglas, Wis., and Lug- 

 ger figures and describes the species from Minnesota, stating that 

 only a few were found but giving no definite locality. In Michi- 

 gan it is known only from the Porcupine Mts. and Gun Lake. 

 Walker ( 1905, 113) states that the only Ontario specimens he 



