338 FAMILY VI. ACRIDID^E. THE LOCUSTS. 



domen, pleurae, knees and subgenital plate of male black. Outer face of 

 hind femora dull greenish-yellow rarely with a broad fuscous cross-bar on 

 basal and apical thirds; hind tibia? greenish-yellow with a brighter yellow 

 ring near base Tegmina usually abbreviated and no longer than pronotum 

 with tips well rounded; sometimes (D. longipennis Riley, 1893, 255) fully 

 developed, then extending beyond abdomen in both sexes, their apical 

 halves very broad; the inner edges in both forms not meeting on basal 

 third but in the long-winged one often overlapping beyond middle. Fur- 

 cula very small, triangular projections lying on the bases of the median 

 ridges. Other structural characters as above given. Length of body, $ , 

 2425, 9, 2930; of antenna?, ,14, $,13; of tegmina, (long-winged), 

 $, 2021, 9, 2223.5; of tegmina, (short-winged), $, 5, 9, 6; of hind 

 femora, $, 12 13.5, 9, 12 13 mm. 



Ridgeway and New Lisbon, N. J., July 17 Aug. 10 (Davis) ; 

 Manor, Texas, July 15 (Caudell). East of the Mississippi this 

 oak-inhabiting locust has been recorded only from Illinois, New 

 Jersey and New York. The Illinois record by Brunei' (1893, 15) 

 is substantiated by specimens in the Urbaua collection from Crete 

 and Dubois. Davis (1912) has given an account of its occurrence 

 about Ridgeway and Lakehurst, N. J., in 1910 and 1911, when 

 they defoliated the oaks over large areas. Pie states that "the 

 gayly colored grasshoppers were more common on the white 

 oaks, though they ate the foliage of scarlet oaks and other mem- 

 bers of the red oak group; as many as 40 of the insects were 

 counted on the trunks of some trees, usually slowly making their 

 way up to what remained of the foliage while the excrement of 

 the grasshoppers already on the limbs fell with a rain-like patter 

 onto the dry leaves beneath. Some of the grasshoppers were fully 

 winged and others were apterous. In addition to the oaks we 

 noted where they had devoured parts of the leaves of a sumach, 

 RJius copairma L." In 1912 not a trace of the locusts could be 

 found about Lakehurst, but in 1914 a single pair were taken, and 

 the same year a new outbreak was recorded by Caudell (1915a) as 

 occurring near New Lisbon, N. J., about 17 miles from Lakehurst. 

 Here the locust infested an area of approximately two square 

 miles, some of the tallest oaks being nearly defoliated. No later 

 record of their presence in New Jersey can be found. In 1912 a 

 single male was taken at Yaphank, Long Island, N. Y., this being 

 the only record from that State (Davis, 1915b). The locust was 

 first probably accidentally introduced near Ridgeway, N. J., and 

 for a year or two only found conditions favorable for a rapid in- 

 crease, then was kept in check by natural causes until 1914, when 

 the second outbreak occurred at New Lisbon. The name D. longi- 

 pennis Riley (1893, 255) is a synonym of D. qncrcus, having been 

 given to the long-winged form. 



