SUBFAMILY IV. CONOCEPHALIN^E. 573 



and southern Indiana, but has not yet been taken north of La- 

 fayette. It reaches maturity about August 1st, and from then 

 until after heavj" frosts may be found in numbers along the bor- 

 ders of dry, upland woods, fence rows, and roadsides, where it 

 delights to rest on the low shrubs, blackberry bushes, or coarse 

 weeds usually growing in such localities. On sunny afternoons 

 of mid-autumn it is especially abundant on the lower parts of 

 the rail and board fences, the male uttering his faint and monot- 

 onous love call- a sort of ch-e-e-c-e ch-e-e-e-c, continuously re- 

 peated the female but a short distance away, a motionless, pa- 

 tient, and apparently attentive listener. When in coitn the male 

 does not mount the back of the female, but, with his body re- 

 versed, is dragged about by her, this being the common practice 

 of all the species of Gonocephalus and Orchelimum. The females 

 at times evidently oviposit in decaying wood, as on several occa- 

 sions I have found them on old fence posts and rails with their 

 ovipositors inserted the full length in the wood. 



The types of Scudder were from Dallas Co., Iowa, and the 

 known range of ncinoralis extends from eastern New York and 

 I'eunsvlvania north and west to Minnesota and Lincoln, Xebr., 



*/ 



and south and southwest to Asheville, N. Car., Clarksville, Tenn., 

 and Wichita, Kansas. It is not known from Michigan but Bruner 

 says it is common in the wooded portions of Nebraska, and 

 McAtee and Caudell mention it as the most common species of 

 the genus about Washington, D. C. At Moline, 111., McNeill 

 (1891) found it "most commonly on sparsely wooded and rather 

 barren hillsides. The song is louder than that of fascifituin. It 

 consists of two parts, the first a short, abrupt zip, and the second 

 the familiar s-e-e, which lasts about half a second, and is made 

 from one to five times. The zip is not repeated." 



C. nemoralls appears to be a sort of connecting link between 

 Orchcl'uniini and Conocephalus. In its rather bulky body, large 

 tympanum of male and curved ovipositor it resembles an OrclicU- 

 iii it in but the short tegmina and the truncate subgenital plate of 

 male agree better with the characters of Conocephalus. Macrop- 

 terous individuals are very rare, fewer than half a dozen having 

 been recorded. The Xiphidiuni, curtipcnne Kedt. ( IS'Jl, 522) is a 

 synonym. 



2G5. CONOCEPHALUS STRICTUS (Scudder), 1875, 4GO. Straight-lanced 

 Grasshopper. 



Size large for the genus; form rather slender. Sides of head and body 

 and all the femora green; occiput and pronotum with the usual reddish- 



