58 COLLEMBOLA OF MINNESOTA 



there is quite a difference, but that counts for little in a species 

 in which the color is so variable. Tullberg's species is known 

 to have three distinct varieties. S. spinatus is about a third 

 larger than its European relative, however, and differs some- 

 what both in the claws and in the furcula. I find no mention 

 of the inner tooth on the superior claw in the original descrip- 

 tion, yet it is plainly apparent, though small, in my specimen?. 

 A reference to the figures will ishow that quite a difference ex- 

 ists between the claws of the first pair and those of the third 

 pair. It seems to me that the male and female are more differ- 

 entiated in this species than in others of the genus. The male 

 is the more slender-bodied of the two. The mucrones in S. 

 spinatus is not so elliptical as in S. novem-lineatus, being more 

 abruptly terminated at its distal end. 



Like S. penicillifer, and like Podura aquatica, though in far 

 greater degree than either, this species possesses a highly spec- 

 ialized furcula, well adapting- it to its mode of life on the surfaces 

 of ponds. Although quick and powerful jumpers on water, yet 

 when undisturbed they appear to prefer to rest on leaves just 

 above the water. They are rather common along the bottom 

 lands of the Minnesota and Mississippi rivers, also among wet 

 grass and debris upon the shores of Lake Vermillion. 



Papirius maculosus Schott. 



PI. I, Figs. 1-7. 

 1891. Papirius maculosus. Schott, Kaliforn. Collemb. p. 14. PI. Ill, 1-3. 



"White or brownish yellow, with blue spots scattered about 

 on the back and head. Antennae blue, shorter than body. Su- 

 perior claw naked, armed with two teeth, inferior claw with 

 one perpendicular tooth. Length, 1.5 to 2 mm." 



Besides this description, Schott says of the species that 

 "it approaches P. ater (L). The manu'brium is short, the dentes 

 about three times as long as the mucrones. The dentes bears 

 two distinct kinds of hairs ; .some of them simple, some pinnate 

 or notched (ausgesperrten), which are systematically situated 

 with respect to one another, so that in general two simple hairs 

 have between them two pairs of the spurred hairs. The most 

 distal of the simple hairs reaches almost to the very end of the 



