INTRODUCTION. O 



(which he did not), the Earwigs correspond with the 

 others ; and this is more fully justified now that the 

 Hemimeridae and the Arixeniidae have to be associated 

 with them. 



These groups* (or sub-orders) are : 



1. FOEPICULODEA (Earwigs, with Arixenius and 



Hemimerus). 



2. BLATTODEA (Cockroaches). 



3. MANTODUA (Soothsayers, or Praying Insects). 



4. PHASMODEA (Leaf- and Stick-Insects). 



5. GKYLLODEA (Crickets). 



6. LOCUSTODEA (Long-horned Grasshoppers). 



7. AcRm[ODEA (Short-horned Grasshoppers). 

 From the fact that the members of the first four 



groups use their legs for running or Aval king, while 

 the last three are adepts at jumping, the former are 

 often spoken of as CUKSOIUA, while the latter are named 

 SALTATOIUA. The groups of the Cursoria are very 

 distinct one from another, the three groups of the 

 Saltatoria on the other hand being much more closely 

 related. 



Mantodea and Phasmodea are not represented in 

 the British fauna, although M<nttis religiosa Linn. 

 (Plate I, fig. 3) and a Phasmid, Bacillus gallicux Char p. 

 (vide PI. I, fig. 4) ascend as far north as Central 

 France. 



Flight is not usually a striking characteristic of the 

 Orthoptera, although there are important exceptions. 

 They usually run, walk, or hop, while the wings are 

 often abortive and nothing more than musical organs : 



O o 



not seldom they are absent altogether. " Singing" is, 

 however, practically confined to the Saltatoria, the 

 Cursoria being silent or nearly so. 



A list of the British Orthoptera follows. 



* Boliver subdivides the Orthoptera thus : 



Section i. Dermaptera . . Fam. Forficulidse. 

 Section ii. Dictyoptera . . Fam. Blattidae and Mantidse. 

 Section iii. Euorthoptera . . Fam. Phasmidee, Acridiidse, Gryllidse 



and Locustidse. 



