LEUCOPH3EA SUBINAMENSTS. 115 



had been captured amongst peats at Fallowfield, Manchester. 

 These were sent to Sopp by Dr. W. E. Hoyle in Sept. 1903, 

 and'J. R. Hardy visited the locality during* the winter of 

 1904 and found the species to be apparently breeding amongst 

 the turfs, some twenty insects, in all stages of growth, having 

 been sent to Sopp alive. On 30 Dec. 1904 one was caught in 

 Liverpool Docks by J. Edwards and given to Sopp : this appa- 

 rently had been introduced amongst grain from San Francisco. 



About the same date L. surinamensis occurred abundantly 

 in a tanpit adjoining the greenhouses of a private garden 

 between Chelmsford and Bloomfield, Essex, and was doing 

 considerable harm to the pine-apples, orchids, and other plants. 

 There was no doubt of its breeding in this locality, as it had 

 been established for several years and the specimens brought 

 were of every age and size, from recently hatched young to 

 mature insects. In the past few years numerous tropical 

 plants had been brought into the garden and the cockroaches 

 may have been brought with one of them."* 



In 1906 one, which had been taken in Bradford Market, 

 Yorkshire, was given to J. W. Carter. This, Porritt says, 

 was the first 'recorded example for Yorkshire. During 

 1907-8 F. Rhodes gave Carter several specimens from a 

 hothouse in Lister Park, Manningham, Yorkshire, w r here the 

 .species had become firmly established. To conclude the list, 

 I received from G. T. Lyle a specimen found on Christmas 

 Day 1908 in a hothouse at Bishopstoke, Hants. 



Meanwhile L. surinamensis had become abundant at Kew 

 Gardens. Though not known to be injurious, still it was 

 looked on with considerable suspicion. It was infesting the 

 cocoa-nut fibre beds in the tropical propagating-houses. 

 Writing on 20 April 1907, G. Nicholson said it " is, or 

 was, abundant in the tropical houses. It is extremely 

 active, and disappears with a diving-like motion under the 

 fibre. So far we have not noticed that it does any harm, 

 and it is not trapped like B. orientalis, P. americana, or 

 P. australasise. Hand-catching seems to be the only way 

 of dealing with it." Apparently it has taken up its abode 

 and intends to stay in Kew Gardens. " Handsome is as 

 handsome does ' no doubt ; but much as the authorities at 

 Kew would prefer its room to its presence, it is, nevertheless, 

 .an interesting little " beast" of very elegant proportions, and 

 will not disgrace the orthopterist's cabinet. t 



E. C. Horrell, 'Entomologist/ 1905, p. 92. 



t In Ireland this cockroach has been found in Botanic Gardens in Belfast 

 (Welch) and in Dublin (H albert). 



