ORDER ORTHOPTERA. 59 



ORDER III. ORTHOPTIBA* (Locusts, Grasshoppers, 



(.'rickets, etc.). 



% no means do all the members of this group, as the 

 name of the order would imply, have straight fore wings, 

 but in the locusts and grasshoppers they are generally 

 narrow, straight, and thicker than the hinder pair, 

 serving as wing-covers to protect the hinder, thinner ones. 

 The antenna? may be very long, while the pronotum is 

 almost invariably broad and large, flattened or compressed 

 and moving freely on the rest of the thorax, which is cov- 

 ered by the wings when folded. The hind wings are much 

 larger than the front ones, and have numerous longitudinal 

 and cross veins, while the ovipositor, when present, varies 

 much in shape- and size; and the number of tarsal joints 

 varies from two to five. 



Fig. 44 illustrates the incomplete metamorphosis of the 

 common red-legged locust: it represents the freshly-hatched 

 larva, which moults once before its wings begin to bud 

 out, as at ob: this stage (3) may be called the first pupal 



* SELECTED WORKS. 



Glover,!. Illustrations of North American Entomology. Orthoptera. 



(4to. 13 pK Washington, 1872.) 

 Eiley. Packard, and Thomas. First. Second, and Third Reports IT. S 



Entomological Commission. 1^77-SD. 

 Saussure, H. de Studies of the Orthoptera of Mexico and Central 



America Paris. lsTu-74 . (In French.) 

 Scudder, S. H. Materials for a Monograph of the X. A. Orthoptera 



(Jour. Bost. Soc , vii., 1862 . 

 _ Catalogue of North American Orthoptera (Smithsonian Misc. 



Coll.. viii. Washington, is> - 

 Revision of the "Mole Crickets {Mem. Peabody Acad., Xo. 1. 



Salem, 1869). 

 Serville. A. Natural History of the Orthoptera (suites a Buffon). (1 



vol., 8vo. Paris, ls39.i \ In French.) 

 Stoll, C Representations of the Phasmidae, Mantidse, Acrididae, 



Gryllidae (etc. , of the four parts of the world <2 vols., 4to, 70 pis. 



Amsterdam, 1815'. (In French .) 

 Thomas, C. Synopsis of Acrididae of North America (Final Report 



U. S. Geol. Surv., vc\ v. 4to. Washington, 187o . 

 Walker, F. Complete catalogue of Denuaptera Saltatoria (4 vols. 



and suppl. 8vo. London, 1869-71 . 



