ORDER COLEOPTERA. 



Sub-order 1. Rhynchophora. 



Beginning with the lowest family and ending with the 

 highest, we take up first the weevils or Ehynchophora, the 

 definitions being taken from LeConte and Horn's "Classi- 

 fication of the Coleoptera of North America." 



Family Anthribidae. Beak broad, flat; antennae straight, 11-jointed; 

 labrum distinct; last spiracle uncovered. Anthribus cornutus Say. 



Family Scolytidae. Body thick, cylindrical; beak short, often not 

 apparent ; pygidium surrounded at the edge by the elytra; tibiae 

 usually serrate. The family of bark-borers or timber-beetles is an 

 extensive one. They burrow sometimes by thousands under the 

 bark of trees, especially spruce and pine, causing the death and rapid 

 decay of the tree by arresting the flow of sap. Their galleries, bur- 

 rows, or "mines" usually branch out at right angles from a single 

 gallery ; the female in this single gal- 

 lery lays her eggs in notches at quite 

 regular intervals along each side; the 

 larvse, on hatching, mine in a direction 

 at right angles to the original gallery. 

 In some cases the mine resembles a 

 bird's track, the galleries radiating 

 from a single point. The larvae are 

 cylindrical and footless. Dendroctonus 

 terebrans Oliv., Tomicus pini Say, 

 Dryocoites affnber. The most injurious 

 species to the spruce are Xyleborus FlG - 

 cfflatus (Zimm .), X. xylographus (Say), 

 and Xy Icterus bmiltatus (Kirby). 



Family Calandridae. Beak never narrowed behind the eyes ; 



FIG. 91. Calandra oryzce. c, rice weevil: a, larva; 6, pupa, e, grain -weevil. 



