ORDER LEPIDOPTERA. 



157 



merous, the more common and destructive species being Spilosoma 

 mrginica (Fabr.) and the fall web-worm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 

 Fig. 196). The last sub-family is the IMww&, iu which the body is 



FIG. 197. Lithosia bicolor. Nat. size. 



FIG. im. Utetheisabella. Nat. size. 



slight, not very hairy, and the antennae not pectinated. Lithosia bi- 

 color Grote (Fig. 197) and Utetheitta bella (Linn., Fig. 198) are typical 

 forms. 



Family Zygaenidae. The beautiful moths of this group are recog- 

 nized by the pectinated antenna 3 , their usually rather narrow wings, 

 rounded at the apex, the Arctian-like venation, and by their hairy 

 caterpillars, which transform in cocoons of silk or mostly hair. It 

 is divided into the Zygcenince, represented by Zygoma in Europe, and 

 in this country by the species of Procris, Harrisiua, etc., as well as 

 Lycomorpha phoius Drury; and the Glaucopinw, exemplified by 

 Ctenucha virgmica Charp. 



Family Agaristidae. Formerly associated with the preceding 

 family, the species of this group 

 differ in having simple antennae, 

 a sub-costal cell, and the cater- 

 pillars are naked, more or less 

 humped on the eighth abdominal 

 segment, and do not spin a silk 

 cocoon. The types are Eudryas 

 grata Fabr., E. unio Hiibn., 

 and Alypia 8-maculata (Fabr.). 



Family Castniadae. The 

 species are tropical, mostly very 

 large moths with simple an- 

 tennae thickened towards the 

 end, and the head narrow be- 

 tween the eyes (the scales are in 



"" a- 



FIG. 199. Alypia of grape, n, larva; b, 

 side of a segment, enlarged. After Riley. 



Castnia larger than in any other 

 Lepidoptera) ; the larvae are 

 naked, boring in the stems of 

 orchids, etc. As in the two foregoing families the moths are day- 

 flies. Castnia licus (Fabr.), South America; Synemon sopJiia 

 (White), Australia. A species of the Australian genus Hetatesia, the 

 males of which have a vitreous spot on the fore wings, makes a 

 whizzing noise like the humming of a top. 



Family Hepialidae. These are brown moths with silver markings, 

 whose antennae are short, and either simple or sub-serrate ; the 

 tongue is wanting, the clypeus short, and the larvae are borers. 

 Hepialus mustelinus Pack, occurs in the Northeastern States. 



Family Cossidae. Large moths with the antennae well pectinated; 



