46 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



apparently due in some cases to bacteria, in others to the 

 larger fungi. Forbes states that epidemics due to the 

 latter have been noticed among grasshoppers (CBdipoda 

 and Pezotettix); among various noctuid larvae especially 

 Agrotis segetum in Europe, and some American cut- 



FIG. 4Q.Entomophthora radicans Brefeld. A, caterpillar of Pier is brassier 

 killed by it; a, the hyphse growing out from it; B, the same at a later stage; 

 c, cross-section through B all the soft parts of the caterpillar are replaced by 

 mycelium threads; D. fruit-hyphae; c, the spores; E, single spores; G, a piece 

 of the skin, with spores, a. germinating and growing out at c; H, isolated my- 

 celium branches free-swimming in the caterpillar's blood; J. branched my- 

 celial thread; A', resting-spores. bearing mycelial threads, a, filled with proto- 

 plasm: at a' empty; at 6 beginning to develop; b', ripe resting-spores; L, 

 ripe restiiig-spores with a thick skin and fat-drops within. After Brefeld, 

 from Judeich and Nitsche. 



worms; among the two European cabbage- worms (Pieris 

 rapes and P. brassica) ; among various flies, the common 

 house-fly, blow-flies, Syrphidae, Culex, and even larval 

 Chironomus; and, finally, among Coccidae and Aphides 

 corni and A. rumicis). According to Dr. Bail, in the 



