152 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



others feed on buds, or live in seeds and fruits, or bore in the stems 

 of plants. 

 The spruce-bud Tortrix (T. fumiferana Clemens), usually rare, at 



FIG. 183. Grain Tinea, with larva and pupa. 

 Natural size and enlarged. 



FIG. 184. a. head 

 and palpi; b, fore 

 wing; c, hind wing, 

 of (Enectra xan- 

 thoides. 



a 



FIG. 



185. c moth of cranberry- 

 worm (a); b, pupa. 



times has defoliated spruce and firs over extensive tracts on the coast of 



Maine ; the moth lays about thirty eggs 

 which are flat, scale like, slightly 

 convex above, with a thin shell; the 

 worm feeds on the buds and terminal 

 shoots in June. Our most common 

 leaf-roller is Caccecia rosaceana Harris, 

 whose green larvae, with a black head 

 and prothoracic shield, fold the leaves of 

 the apple, plum, cherry, rose, and other 

 plants. The cranberry worm (Elwpo- 

 bota vacciniana, Pack.) often injures 

 the cranberry plants. The strawberry 

 leaf-roller, Phoxopteris fragariw (Walsh and Riley), folds the leaves. 

 Family Pyralidae. The moths of this group have slender bodies 

 and legs, the fore wings are usually narrow, the hinder pair broad 

 and somewhat point ed'at the apex; the palpi are often held straight 

 out, and are usually long and slender. The larvae are easily con- 

 founded with the leaf rollers, but are usually more or less striped, 

 those of the Phycids being often brownish. There are three sub- 

 families, viz., the Grambince, Pliycince, and Pyralina>. 



The species of Cratnbus are often very destructive to grass. The 

 larva of C. vulgwagellus Clemens (Fig. 186), which ravaged the pas- 

 tures and meadows of New York in 1881, is pale purple green, with 

 a black head; it forms a silken tube near the roots of grass, and 

 pupates in thin, slight cocoons just under the surface of the ground. 

 To this group belongs the bee-moth (Galleria melonella). Among 

 Phycinte, the currant and gooseberry fruit-worm (Dakruma con- 

 wlutella, Hiibner) is noteworthy. Of the Pyralinre, Asopia fnrinalis 

 Harris in the larval stage feeds on meal, etc.; other typical forms 

 are the species of Botys, while aquatic larvae, living in cases, are 

 species of Hydrocampa, Cataclysta, and Paraponyx. 



