Subemarginula.] GASTROPODA. 101 



1. Subemarginula rugosa, Quoy and Gaimard, 1834. Plate 38, 



fig. 1. 



Eni'iiri/hnihi rtigoxa, Q. & G., Voy. Astrol., Zool.. iii, 331, pi. (58, f. 17, 18. 

 Subemarginula rugosa, Q. & G., Man. Conch. (1), xii, 278, pi. 64, f. 39-41 ; 

 pi. 29, f. 10, 11. Clypidina Candida, A. Adams, P.Z.S., 1851, 88. C. 

 I'lutullata. A. Ad., i.e., 88. C. scabricula, A. Ad., i.e., 88. Emargimtla 

 fungina, Gould, P. Bost, S.N.H., ii, 1846, 154; Exped. Atlas, f. 491. 

 E. conoidea. Reeve, Conch. Syst., ii, 23, pi. 140, f. 7. Clypidina acu- 

 minata, A. Ad., I.e., 88, No. 10. 



Shell oval, conical, apex subcentral. Sculpture consisting of 13-17 

 primary ribs, not split or double, which are narrow, raised, continuing 

 to the apex, each interval occupied by 3 small riblets ; cancellated by 

 close raised concentric threads, which form prickly scales where they 

 cross the radiating ribs. Interior greenish or white, the area within 

 the muscle-scar dark or outlined with dark green, usually distinctly 

 mushroom-shaped. Anal groove deep, notch short. 



Length, 17-5 mm. ; breadth, 13mm.; height, 8-5 mm. Length, 

 10-5 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm. ; height, 4-5 mm. (specimen from Foveaux 

 Strait). 



Type in the Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris. 



Hob. Nelson ; the Brothers Islands, Cook Strait ; Foveaux Strait, 

 in 15 fathoms ; Chatham Islands. Australia, Tasmania, and Samoa. 



Remarks. A rather rare shell in New Zealand seas, mostly found 

 with E. striatula. 



Sect. 2. TUGALIA, Gray, 1843. 



Tugalia, Gray, Syst. Dist. Moll. Brit. Mus., 163. Type : Tugali elegans, 

 Gray. Tugali, Gray. 



Shell oblong, depressed, apex posterior, front margin without a 

 notch, either rounded or sinuous ; no internal anal groove ; no en- 

 larged rib in front. 



2. Subemarginula parmophoidea, Quoy and Gaimard, 1834. Plate 39, 



fig. 1. 



Emarginula parmophoidea, Q. & G., Voy. Astrol., Zool., iii, 325, pi. 68, 

 f. 15, 16. Subemarginula parmophoidea, Q. & G., Man. Conch. (1), xii, 

 285 (pi. 43, f. 78-80 represent S. intermedia). 



Shell oval, rounded at the ends, apex near the margin, sides sub- 

 parallel. Sculpture consisting of close radiating and concentric rib- 

 bings of about equal size, granulated and cancellated. Apex obtuse. 

 No emargination in front. Colour white or yellowish-white. Interior 

 white ; margin denticulated. 



Length, 19 mm. ; breadth, 11 mm. ; height, 6 mm. (type). 



Type in the Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris. 



Hob. Cape Maria van Diemen ; Hauraki Gulf ; Chatham Islands. 

 Australia. 



Remark. It is a much rarer shell than the nearly allied S. inter- 

 media, but less local. 



Fossil in the Pliocene. 



