802 GASTROPODA. [Pulmonata. 



the middle by a narrow ridge and bordered by frontal grooves. The 

 whole of the notum is finely granular, and there are longitudinal rows 

 of large round papillae, 1 to 3 papillae in a lateral area. The median 

 groove is deep and extending the whole length of the back ; the head- 

 shield, with median groove, triangular and extending about to half 

 the distance between head and mantle-area ; lateral grooves well im- 

 pressed, some of them bifurcating toward the perinotum ; they are 

 obliquely directed backwards, and number about 15 on each side, 

 about 11 of which are post-pallial ; there is a preanal groove which 

 sometimes is bifurcating and enclosing the anus in a triangle. The 

 mantle-area is long and narrow, triangular, much longer than broad, 

 the respiratory orifice subcentral, the renal opening covered by an oval 

 flap and situated anteriorly close to the median groove. Anus close 

 to the right perinotum, below the renal orifice. Genital orifice on the 

 outer side of the right tentacle. Hyponotum usually well pronounced, 

 about 2 mm. to 4 mm. broad, the perinotum forming a thread-like 

 ridge and the side grooves, through contraction, passing over it, and 

 partly over the sole, which in alcoholic specimens is aulacopod and 

 smooth, separated from the head by a deep groove. The rudimentary 

 shell consists of a number of white calcareous grains. The eggs are 

 roundly oval, 4| mm. by 5|mrn., yellowish, semitransparent. The 

 newly hatched animal has a length of 9mm., and shows all the 

 grooves, head-shield, mantle-area, &c., well developed. 



Measurements of a large spirit specimen : Length over back from 

 head to tip of tail, 60 mm. Width of back, 23 mm. Sole Length, 

 55 mm. ; breadth, 10 mm. Breadth of hyponotum. 4 mm. Dis- 

 tance of anus from right tentacle, 10 mm. Distance of anus from 

 pulmonary orifice. 8 mm. Distance of pulmonary orifice from head. 

 15 mm. 



Dentition. Hutton, 5 'T.N.Z.L, xiv, 159, pi. 5, f. 10, 11 ; Suter, 

 I.e., xxvi, pi. 15, f. 10, 11. 



Jaw elasmognathic. 



Radula with numerous teeth, the central tooth with the cusp 

 variously shaped, but always with 7 denticles ; lateral teeth with 6 

 denticles, the innermost somewhat larger than the others. 



Reproductive Organs (fig. 9). Hermaphrodite gland formed by the 

 agglomeration of several lobes, with a rather short convolute duct ; 

 the albumen-gland large, elongate, smooth and compact ; spermoviduct 

 short. There are 2 accessory glands the upper bulbose gland, which 

 is granulose on its surface, oval, a little smaller than the hermaphrodite 

 gland ; and the lower glomerate gland, which is large, yellow, and 

 composed of a number of undulating lobes. The receptaculum seminis 

 has a short neck, and is proximally inserted on the vagina, but some 

 distance from the common orifice. The sheath of the intromittant 

 organ is slightly inflated, convolute, and rather long, the retractor 

 muscle attached at the point where the vas deferens enters ; the verge 

 has papilla;. (Suter, P. Mai. S., ii, 28. f. 10, 11 in text). 



