274 GASTROPODA. [Pectinibranchia. 



is sub quadrangular, with multicuspidate edge ; the laterals oblong, 

 multicuspid, and the marginals falciform, sharp, narrow, with crenu- 

 lated margins. 



Shell bucciniform, generally ornamented, the aperture angular, 

 shortly subcanaliculated below, sinuate on the right side ; lip thickened, 

 sinuous, not winged ; columella thick, polished, subtruncate below ; 

 inner lip broadly expanded. Operculum short, unguiculate, nucleus 

 apical. 



Genus 1. STRUTHIOLARIA, Lamarck, 1816. 



Struthiolaria, Lam., Encycl. Meth., Vers. Coq., Moll., &c., iii, 1816, pi. 431, 

 f. 1 a, b. Type : S. nodulosa, Lam. ( = pnpnlosu, Martvn). Pelicaria, 

 Gray, 1857. 



Animal with the outer mantle-margin simple, tentacles cylindrical ; 

 eye-pedicels short, adnate with the tentacles externally ; foot broad 

 and short. 



Shell oval-oblong, imperforate ; spire turreted ; aperture truncated 

 in front ; h'p entire, thickened, sinuous, prominent in the middle ; 

 inner lip callous, expanded. Operculum short, claw-shaped, with a 

 sharp apical projection. 



Distribution. Australia, New Zealand, Magellan, Kerguelen, and 

 Seychelles. 



Fossil. Tertiary. 



The genus is represented in the Eogene of Patagonia and Chile, 

 but not in the Neogene of meridional America. Representatives of 

 the family (Struthiolariopsis, Wilkens) occur in the Upper Cretaceous 

 of Chile and Patagonia, thus proving the South American origin of 

 the family. The Miocene species of Struthiolaria of New Zealand are 

 of more recent origin than those of South America. (Von Ihering.) 



KEY TO SPECIES. 



A. Shell moderately large, spire-whorls with 1 carina . . . . papulosa. 



B. Shell smaller, spire-whorls bi- or tri-carinate. 



a. Suture deeply excavated .. .. .. .. vermis. 



tin. Suture not or hut very little excavated . . . . tricarinata* 



1. Struthiolaria papulosa, Marty n, 1784. Plate 40, fig. 1. 



IliK-i'/inuii papuloxiiin, Mart., Un. Conch., ii, 1784, f. 54. Struthiolaria 

 papulosa, Mart., Conch. Icon., vi, pi. 1. f. 3 ; Ad. C.H.M., pi. 27, f. 6fe ; 

 Chenu, Man. Conch., 2<i3, f. 1<>49 ; Man. Conch. (1), vii, 133, pi. 12, f. 34. 

 Murex stramineus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat., ed. xiii, i, 1790, 3542. Struthiolaria 

 nodulosa, Lamarck, A.s.V., vii, 1822, 147. Fischer, Man. Conch., pi. 4. 

 f. 0. S. sulcata, Jonas, Arch. f. Nat,, i, 1839, 342. pi. 9, f. 5 ; Man. 

 Conch. (1), vii, 134, pi. 12, f. 38. S. gigas, Sowerhy, Thes. Conch., i_ 

 1842, pi. 5, f. 17 ; Man. Conch. (1), vii, 133, pi. 12, f. 37. S. papillosa, 

 .Martyn : Gray, in Dieff. X.X., 231. 



Shdl moderately large, ovately acute, imperi'orate, turreted, solid, 

 with a strongly callous peristome. Sculpture very variable ; the spiral 

 threads are sometimes very close and regularly spaced, more often 

 at irregular intervals, and occasionally far apart in bands of 2 and 3 ; 

 the prominent angle at the shoulder may be faintly, distantly tuber- 

 culosc. or the tubercles may attain to a great size ; the growth-lines 



