THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



afternoon, or on a cold day, when the larvae are not scat- 

 tered over the tree feeding. 



The other Eastern species of this genus is the Tent-cater- 

 pillar of the Forest, Clisiocampa disstria (C. dis'stri-a). This 

 species resembles the preceding in habits. It is more apt, 

 however, to feed upon forest-trees. The moth differs from 

 C. americana in having the oblique lines on the wings dark 

 instead of light ; the larva differs in having a row of spots 

 along the back instead of a continuous narrow line; and 

 the egg-masses differ in ending squarely instead of being 

 rounded at each end. 



The more common species of the Pacific coast are Clisio- 

 campa californica, whose nests may be found on oaks in 

 March and April, and Clisiocampa constricta, which infests 

 fruit-trees later in the season. The caterpillars of the last- 

 named species do not make a tent, although they live in 

 colonies. 



The larvae of Tolype and Phyllodcsma are remarkable for 

 having on each side of each segment a little lappet or flat 

 lobe ; from these many long hairs are given out, forming a 

 fringe to the body. When at rest the body of the larva is 

 flattened, and the fringes on the sides are closely applied to 

 the surface of the limb on which the insect is. Thus all ap- 

 pearance of an abrupt elevation is obliterated ; the colors 

 of these larvae are also protective, resembling those of the 

 bark. 



The genus Tolype includes only two common North 



American species ; both of these 

 occur in the East. The more com- 

 mon of the two is the Velleda 

 Lappet, Tolype velleda (Tol'y-pe 

 vel'le-da). The body of the moth 

 is milk-white, with a large black- 

 ish spot on the middle of its back 



FIG. 443. Tolype velleda. . 



(Fig. 443). That part of this spot 

 which is on the thorax is composed of erect scales ; the cau- 



