4 6 



ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY 



three or four weeks, while very many remain dormant over winter 

 and hatch when sufficient temperature occurs the next spring or 

 summer. 



Transformations. Upon hatching from the egg the young grass- 

 hopper is of much the same general appearance as when full grown, 

 and is readily recognized as a grasshopper ; but if we did not 



FIG. 56. Molting of the full-grown nymph of the periodical cicada, showing process 

 of emerging from the skin of the nymph, with the soft white adults below 



The adults become black after hardening for a few hours' 



know that the little caterpillar, after completing its growth, finally 

 transforms into a butterfly, we should never suspect them to be 

 different stages of the same insect, and a lack of knowledge of 

 these transformations has caused many strange superstitions con- 

 cerning insects. 



The transformation of the butterfly from the caterpillar is a 

 complete one, and is known as a complete metamorphosis. The 



