THE TRUE BUGS 



133 



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female loses her legs and eyes, and the body becomes a mere mass 

 of yellowish protoplasm with long, threadlike mouth-parts ar/d a 

 characteristic fringe of plates 

 and hairs at the tip of the abdo- 

 men, by which the species is 

 principally distinguished. They 

 are named armored scales be- 

 cause the scales of this group 

 are mere coverings and form no 

 part of the insect. The scales 

 of the males are much smaller 

 than those of the females, and 

 after the second molt the male 

 goes into a true pupa stage 

 (otherwise the Hemiptera have 

 incomplete metamorphosis), the 

 legs, wings, and antennae being 



Fir,. 186. Female San Jose scale, mature 



female insect removed from beneath it. 



(Greatly enlarged) 



(After Alwood) 



outlined, and with the next molt 

 the adult male emerges from the scale and flies to fertilize the fe- 

 male. The adult males of all the Coccidae have but n single pair of 



a 



FlG. 187. a, winged male San Jose scale (much enlarged); b, young scale insect 



(enlarged 125 times) 



(After Alwood) 



wings, like the flies (Diptera), and bear long antennae and usually 

 one or two long processes from the tip of the abdomen. They are 

 very small whitish or yellowish insects, and usually fly at night, so 



