BIPTERA. 



361 



M. Marey has determined that a common fly when held cap- 

 tive moves its wings 330 times a second ; a honey bee 190 

 times, and a cabbage butterfly (Pieris) nine times. The wings 

 describe a figure 8 in the air. (Cosmos.) Laudois, calcu- 

 lating the rapidity of the vibrations by the sound produced 



anterior of the small basal cells ; J/, third basal cell, or posterior of the small 

 basal cells; .V, anal or axillary corner of the wing; O, alar appendage, (alula). 



FIG. 271 (-2). Winy of Empis. t, anterior branch of the third longitudinal vein; 

 u, anterior intercalary. 



Fig. 271. 



FIG. 271 (3). Winy of Dfi.il/poffon.-t, anterior branch of the third longitudinal 

 vci;i ; u, anterior intercalary vein ; r, posterior intercalary vein. Frinn Loew. 



Comparing the wing of Ortalis with that of the bee and butterfly figured on 

 page 25, we should prefer to use the same terminology and call 7, m, it, the margi- 

 ir'l vein; A,l>, the costal; c, d and e the three branches of the Mib-ostal vein; /, the 

 median vein ; h, the submedian; and r, the internal vein. In Macquavt's system, 

 inodiiU-d slightly by s.r-k-n (iig. 270), 7), 7, is the costal : cm, the subcostal; d and e, 

 the median ; /, the submediau, and g the internal vein. 



