1 |() MEDUS.E OF THE WORLD. 



Podocoryne areolata Hincks. 



Hvilractinia areolata, ALDER, 1861, Trans. TynesiJe Nat. Field Club., vol. 5, p. 225, plate 9, figs. 1-4 (hydroid). 

 Podocorme areolata, HINCKS, 1868, Hist. British Hydroid Zooph., p. 32, plate 6, fig. I. 

 C.\'t.eanilra areolata, HAECKEL, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 79. 



I I C.\titandra areolata, BROWNE, 1895, Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., vol. 9, 'p. 262; 1897, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 817, 

 plate 48, figs. 1-2; 1903, Bergens Museums Aarbog, No. 4, p. 12. 



This medusa is liberated from Podocoryne areolata of the British coasts. 



According to Browne, the medusa becomes about 4 mm. wide and slightly less in height. 

 The bell is pyriform with a thick, gelatinous apex. There are 25 to 30 marginal tentacles 

 about as long as the bell-radius and with fairly large basal bulbs which lack ectodermal 

 ocelli, but have entodermal pigment. The stomach lacks a peduncle and is about one-halt 

 to two-thirds as long as the depth of the bell-cavity. There are 4 long, narrow lips, each of 

 which bifurcates and ends in 2 knob-like clusters of nematocysts. The gonads are upon the 

 sides of the stomach. 



According to Browne, the entoderm of the stomach and tentacle-bulbs is rich reddish- 

 brown, darker than the stomach. 



When set free from the hydrnid the medusa has 16 marginal tentacles of various lengths. 

 Browne has not observed the hydroid, which was obtained by Alder. I am inclined to believe 

 that this medusa may prove to be identical with Lymnorea borealis, found at Eastport, Maine, 

 on the American Atlantic coast. In Europe it ranges from British coasts to Norway, and is rare 

 according to Browne. 



Podocoryne octostyla. 

 D\smorpliosa oe/ostvla, HAECKEL, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 78, taf. 6, fig. 6. 



Bell 0.4 mm. high, 0.5 mm. wide, with bulging sides and low, conical apex. 8 short, 

 equally developed, marginal tentacles, about as long as the radius of the bell, with small basal 

 bulbs. Stomach mounted upon a conical peduncle as long as itself; both together about 

 two-thirds as long as the depth of the bell-cavity. 8 simple, knobbed, oral tentacles about as 

 long as the stomach. 4 swollen, interradial gonads on the sides of the stomach. When young, 

 medusa-buds are produced upon the interradial sides of the stomach. Gonads and tentacle- 

 bulbs nearly black. 



Found in the Mediterranean. Two specimens were found by Haeckel. 



Podocoryne polystyla. 

 Cytaandra pol\st\la, HAECKEL, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 79. 



Bell nearly cubical, 1.5 mm. wide, 1.5 mm. high. 32 short, marginal tentacles (without 

 ectodermal ocelli ?). Stomach large, cubical, mounted on a short peduncle and filling nearly 

 all of the bell-cavity. 16 short, simple, oral tentacles. 4 gonads on the lower part of the 

 stomach-wall. The gonads are " halt-moon-shaped " with the convex side below. Stomach 

 yellow. Gonads and tentacle-bulbs reddish-brown. 



Found by Haeckel at Croisic, Atlantic coast of France. 



Podocoryne minuta. 

 Plate 14, fig. i. 



nismorpltosa minuta, MAYER, 1900, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 41, plate 18, fig. 42. 



Dvstnorpltosa minuta, TRINCI, 1904, Monit. Zool. Ital., Anno 15, p. 304. 



( ) ( ,r.F/s minima, TRINCI, 1903, Mittheil. Zool. Sta. Neapel, Bd. 16, p. I, taf. I, fign. 1-30 (young medusa ?). 



Bell pear-shaped and only 0.3 mm. high. Bell-walls quite thick and the apex solid and 

 bluntly pointed. In common with other species of Podocoryne, the gelatinous substance 

 of the bell is very delicate and the medusa soon collapses into a shapeless mass when subjected 

 to the abnormal conditions of captivity in a small aquarium. There are 8 solid, marginal 

 tentacles with well-developed basal bulbs without ocelli. The velum is narrow. There 

 are 4 straight, narrow radial-canals and a slender ring-canal. The manuhrium is mounted 

 upon a short, wide peduncle, which is solid, and down the 4 radial corners of which the radial- 

 canals extend into the stomach. The gastric portion of the manubrium is 4-sided in cross- 

 section. 4 well-developed, oral tentacles surround the mouth. The entodermal cores of 

 these oral tentacles are composed of chordate cells, and each tentacle terminates in a bristling. 



