ANTHUMKIH > I. <>< KAMA. 



genus Oceania loses precedence. The type species of Oceania in the modern sense is O. 

 ariniita of the Mediterranean. It is possible that one of Peron and Lesueur's descriptions 

 refers to this medusa (i.e., Oceania flaviJula?), but I am in much doubt upon this point. 

 We must fall back upon Kolliker, 1855, and Gegenbaur, 1856, for the definition of Oii-nnin 

 in the modern sense. 



Haeckel suppresses (),,-, nun and merges it with T nrritnpsis, but in Oceania the peduncle 

 is simple, solid, and gelatinous, whereas in McCrady's T nrrit't[i<; it is composed of large. 

 vacuolated cells. 



GKNI-RK t H \i< UTKRS. 



Margelinje with 8 or more marginal tentacles which arise singly from the hell-niaruin. 

 and are not grouped in isolated clusters. There are ectodermal ocelli on the inner i \elai i 

 sides of the tentacle-bulbs. The mantibrium is mounted upon a simple, solid, gelatinous 

 peduncle. The 4 lips lack oral tentacles, but their margins are lined by a row of wait-like 

 nematocysts. The hydroid is clava-like. 



Following the lead ot Agassrz, it has been the custom of American students to define 

 Oi i uniii in a sense equivalent to PhniliJium of Leuckart, but as we ha\c seen I'/miliJiuin, 

 1856, clearly takes precedence over Agassiz's Oceania, 1862. 



In the system here proposed the genus Oceania falls among the Oceanidx instead of 

 being among the Eucopidae as it would be were Agassiz's definition admissible. 



FIG. 78. "MoJrrria joTtno'a" after Forbes. 



FIG. 79. Oceania "faviitult" (O . armata), after Gegenhaur, in Zeit. fur i en. /.<"> 



nenc name Modeena Forbes, 1848, was applied to a very voi 



. y.ooi., Bd. 8. 



I he generic name Modecria Forbes, 1848, was applied to a very young and immature 

 medusa which is so vaguely described that we can not state whether or not it had ectodermal 

 ocelli. I consider that the name Modecria had best be dropped, having already led to nearly 

 endless confusion. 



The genus Oceania is closely related to Turritopsis, but is distinguished by its simple, 

 solid, gelatinous peduncle; whereas the peduncle in Turritopsis is composed of a mass of 

 vacuolated entodermal cells. 



Oceania armata Kolliker. 



( ?) Moiieertu forrnottl (young mrihisa), l-'oKli^, |S4S. Unti^i Naked-eyed M'- lir,,i', p. 70, pl.itr 7, tii;. I. 



Oceania armala, KCILI.IKF.R, 185^, Zoit. fur \visM-n. 7-o.il., BJ. 4. p. -,2',. M ITSI nMKot \ , iSSd, Kinlirynl. Stiulii-n an Mnlu rn. 



\\'ifn, p|i. 2^, 25 (egg); 36, 37, 47 (segmentation); 75, -S (development of hydroid). 

 Offtinia ftartttula, GEGENBAUR| 1856, Zeit. fur uissen. Xoo] ., It, I. X. p. 12:;, taf. 7, fig. 4. KSJIRMMN i MI l^nifks. 1861, 



Zoolog. Beitragc, p. 83, Lrip/ii;. -SpAciNoi.INI, 1876, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., tome 19, p. 22, lav. ;, fig. 3. 

 Pandea fliiridttla, A(;ASSIZ, L., 1862, Cont. Nat. Hi.st. I 1 . S., vol. 4, p. ^4-. 



Turritopsn armala, HAM'K'F.L, 1879, Syst. der \fetlusen, p. 65. 

 t'.allitiata polyopthalma, HAM KM, 1X71), Svst. Jer Metlust-n, p. i\-j, taf. 3, fign. 1-5. 

 Tiarella parthcnnpia, TRINCI, 1906, Monitore Zoologico Ital.. Anno i^, p. ioK, 2 figs. 



Bell pyriform, flat-topped, higher than a hemisphere, with uniform, thin walls. 8 to 10 

 mm. high, 8 to 10 mm. wide, no to 100 or more slender, tapering, marginal tentacles. 1.5 

 times as long as the bell-diameter. 1 hese tentacles are crowded into a double row. Their 



