1 3 ON THE ORIGIN AND [CHAP. 



small head, and moderately strong legs. It feeds 

 on Aphides. 



Thus, then, we see that there are among the Cole- 

 optera many different forms of larvae. Macleay con- 

 sidered that there were five principal types. 



1. Carnivorous hexapod larvae, with an elongated, 

 more or less flattened body, six eyes on each side of 

 the head, and sharp falciform mandibles (Carabus, 

 Dyticus, &c.). 



2. Herbivorous hexapod larvae, with fleshy, cylin- 

 drical bodies, somewhat curved, so that they lie on 

 their side. 



3. Apod grub-like larvae, with scarcely the rudi- 

 ments of antennae (Curculi o). 



4. Hexapod antenniferous larvae, with a subovate 

 body, the second segment being somewhat larger 

 than the others (Chrysomela, Coccinella). 



5. Hexapod antenniferous larvae, of oblong form, 

 somewhat resembling the former, but with caudal 

 appendages (Meloe, Sitaris). 



The pupa *of the Coleoptera is quiescent, and " the 

 parts of the future beetle are plainly perceivable, 

 being encased in distinct sheaths ; the head is applied 

 against the breast ; the antennae lie along the sides 

 of the thorax ; the elytra and wings are short and 

 folded at the sides of the body, meeting on the under 

 side of the abdomen ; the two anterior pairs of legs 

 are entirely exposed, but the hind pair are covered by 

 wing-cases, the extremity of the thigh only appearing 

 beyond the sides of the body." 1 



In the next three orders namely, the Orthoptera 

 (grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, walking-stick insects, 



1 Westwood's Introduction, vol. i. p. 36^ 



