FORM, GROWTH, AND CHANGE 55 



grasshopper and dragon-fly being very few. The butterfly's 

 legs are comparatively slender, largely covered with scales, 

 and armed with spines. Each foot has five segments, and it 

 seems that in this number the butterfly shows a more primitive 

 character than is found in the grasshopper or the dragon-fly 

 with its three-segmented foot. But there are some butterflies 



r . Br 



FIG. 30. CATERPILLAR (A), PUPA (B), and IMAGO (C) OF HAWK-MOTH (Sphinx) DISSECTED 



FROM THE SIDE. 



Br, brain ; sbg, sub-oesophageal ganglion ; t, ii, Hi, thoracic, and I 6, abdominal ganglia ; 

 oe, gullet ; c, crop ; st, stomach ; int, intestine ; r, rectum ; rlc, rectal caecum ; k.t., kidney 

 tubes ; h, heart ; ao, aorta ; T, testis. After Newport, Phil. Trans. R.S., 1834. 



