206 



INSECT TRANSFORMATION 



the adult chafers and weevils will, in due time devour the shoots 

 and leaves of the tree, the insects thus taking food from 

 different parts of the plant at different periods of their lives. 



FIG. 106. 



a, Apple-sucker (Psyllamali), female, x 10. b, egg ; c, larva (ventral view), x 90. d, nymph 

 (dorsal view, legs shown on left, feeler and wing-pads on right). X25. e, foot of nymph, x 100. 

 From Carpenter, Econ. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. I. 



These insects caterpillars of moths and saw-flies, larvae 

 of beetles as well as the beetles when adult are all provided 

 with biting mandibles, relatively strong jaws adapted for nibb- 

 ling at solid food such as pieces of leaves, petals, woody tissue, 



