vi FOREWORD. 



Common English terms even if descriptive, when used in their ordinary 

 dictionary sense, have not been included as a rule; but this is subject to many 

 exceptions. Latin terms and derivatives, even if used in their usual sense, 

 have been generally included ; but compounds made up of adequately denned 

 descriptive terms are generally omitted. Adverbial or adjective forms have 

 been omitted whenever it has been considered safe, and so have terms prefixed 

 by sub-, supra- and the like, indicating degree or position. In doubtful cases 

 the terms have been included and defined. All terms of venation are, so far 

 as possible, reduced to the Comstock system which is the only one that has 

 been satisfactorily worked out for all orders, and a series of figures is added 

 to explain this system so far as seems necessary. It has not been considered 

 feasible to determine the proper use of terms applied differently in different 

 orders or families ; that is scarcely within the scope of a work of this kind. 



Terms used in embryological and histological study have been included only 

 so far as seemed necessary to an understanding of the general works, and no 

 attempt has been made to cover the terms applied to musculature and other 

 details of microscopic structure: this has seemed rather to be outside of the 

 scope of the present essay. 



All color terms are reduced so far as possible to terms of the Windsor 

 and Newton system of water colors which are standard in the English-speak- 

 ing world, and the color plate shows solid blocks of those colors that seem 

 necessary to explain all modifications except metallics, blacks and whites. 



The figures illustrating body structures and other details have been drawn 

 under my supervision by Mr. John A. Grossbeck, and are meant to be guides 

 merely else the glossary would exceed its scope. 



In the admission that the work is incomplete, no apology is intended for its 

 publication; it is merely a statement of fact to encourage constructive rather 

 than destructive criticism. It is hoped that those who note errors or omis- 

 sions will communicate them to the writer so that when another edition is 

 needed, as it will be before many years are past, a standard work may be 

 possible. 



JOHN B. SMITH, Sc.D. 



NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J., April, 1906. 



