SKM A KOSTOM K.K CHH YS A < K A . 



579 



Synopsis of the "Species" of Chrysaora. 



*Development through alternation of generations with stabilization (Claus). 



(Development as in C. medilerrartea. Haeckel found a specimen 160 mm. wide, with 40 tentacles, and 48 marginal lappets 

 as in Dactylometra. 



JOne of Vanhbffcn's specimens had 4 tentacles in one octant. See also L. Agassiz, 1862, Cont. Mat. Hist. U. S., vol. 4, pp. 

 127, 166. 



Chrysaora hysoscella Eschscholtz. 



I'nira miiiina, etc., BORI.ASF., 1758, Nat. Hist. Cornwall, p. 256, plate 25, figs, vn and vui. 



MrJusa h\soicrlla, I..INNK, 1766, Systema Nature, Ed. 12, p. 1097. 



Chrysaora cyclonata, aspilonota, spilo^ona, spilhrmigona, pleurophora, lesueurii, macrogona, htplanerna, medlterranea t rt^ott F.T 

 LESL'EUR, 1809, Annal. du Mus. Hist. Nat., tome 14, pp. 365, 366. 



Chrysaora hysoscella, Esc HSCHOLTZ, 1829, Syst. der Acal., p. 79, taf. 7, fig. 2. CLAUS, 1877, Dcnksch. Wicn. Acad., p. 33, taf. 

 6, 7. KRUKENRtRn, 1 880, Zool. Anzriger, Jahrg-3, p.3o6.(the medusa contains oq.?:; t.icjd.', percent of water). GRAEFKE, 

 1884, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. \Vu-n., Bd. ;, p. 342. VANHiirrtN, 1908, Dcut-.. h, Sudpolar i:\pr, hti,.,,, 1(,|. ,o. /."..!. :. p. 39. 



Chr-isaora mtaittrran,,i+ C. i,osfelrs, HAICEIL, l88o, Syst. d.-r Mcdusen, pp. 511, 513, taf. 31, fign. 1-3 (list of literature). 



Clir \saora mejiterranra, VANHUKFIN, lSS8, Bibliothcca Zoologica, Bd. i, Heft 3, p. 14. 



C.lirwaorti livsoscrlla=C. mniiurranea, VANHOFFF.N, 1906, NorJischrs Plankton, S T r. n, p. 47, lign. 9-10 a, b. 



Chr \saora isoscrlfs, DFI.AP, M. J., 1901, Irish Naturalist, vol. 10, p. 27 (rearing the larva in an aquarium). 



For a synopsis of" the characters of C. hysoscella, see table of characters of Cliry.ir>r,i. 



There appear to be no definite distinctions between C.liryfii'irn "mediterranea" of the 

 Mediterranean and C. hysoscella of the Atlantic coasts of France, England, Germany, and 

 Holland, and in the entrance to the Baltic Sea. It is probable that the Chrysaora of the 

 Chesapeake Bay, in America, is identical with that of Europe, but I believe the Chesapeake 

 medusa to be only a brackish-water variety of Dactylometra quinquecirrha, which becomes 

 mature in the 24 tentacle stage. Judging from Haeckel's figures the Mediterranean medusa 

 is more highly colored than that of the northern shores of Europe. In the Chesapeake the 



