668 MEDUS.B OF THE WORLD. 



A variety of this medusa, in which the webs spanning between the basal parts of the mouth- 

 arms and the arm-disk are not so well developed as in the typical (,'. finliu i [>cs, was found by the 

 U. S. Fisheries Bureau steamer Albatross at a depth of 150 feet in Manila Harbor, Philippine 

 Islands, on January 13, 1908. Bell 56 mm. wide, flatter and more conical than a hemisphere. 

 Exumbrella finely granular without furrows. 64 lappets. 2 small, oval ocular and 6 indis- 

 tinct, rectangular, sometimes cleft, velar lappets in each octant. Arm-disk 35 mm. wide where 

 it arises from subumbrella, and 27 mm. wide at level of origin of 8 mouth-arms. 4 subgenital 

 ostia slightly wider than perradial columns. A unitary cruciform subgenital cavity. Free parts 

 ot upper arms 5.5 mm. long, lower 3-wmged parts of arms 30 mm. long, 19 mm. wide, with- 

 out appendages. Mouths extend to blunt tips ot mouth-arms without naked areas. Canal- 

 system as in C. purpunis. General color in formalin dull ocher-violet, gelatinous substance 

 milky. 



Catostylus tagi. 



Crambessa tagi, HA ECKEL, 1869, Zintschrift fur wissen. Zool., BJ. 19, p. 509, taf. ;S, }q, 8 fign; 1880, Svst. der Meduscn, p. 621 . 

 GRENACHER UNO NOLL, 1876, Abhandl. Senckenberg Naturf. Gesell., Frankfurt, Bd. 10, p. 123, taf. 1-7, 17 fign. GREEF, 

 R., 1881, Zool. Anzeiger, Bd. 4, p. 564. 



( ?) Crambessa pictoiiutn, HAECKEL, loc. cit., p. 621 . 



Bell hemispherical, 500 mm. wide. Exumbrella covered with dendritically branched 

 ridges which extend upward from the outer, pointed ends ot the lappets toward the apex of 

 the bell. 8 rhopalia, with an ocellus on the aboral side and an exumbrella sensory pit, the 

 floor of the pit covered with radiating, branching furrows. 80 marginal lappets; in each 

 octant 4 pairs of oval, pointed, velar between 2 small, pointed, ocular lappets, not half as wide 

 or as long as the velar lappets. Arm-disk somewhat wider than bell-radius. The 4 subgenital 

 ostia are wider than the columns between them, and there is a unitary subgenital porticus. 



The 8 mouth-arms are as long as the bell-diameter. The simple, laterally compressed, 

 upper part of each arm is less than one-third as long as the 3-winged, lower part. These lower 

 parts bear 2 lateral, outwardly projecting wings which are about 60 apart, and a ventral 

 (inner) wing which is 150 from the lateral wings. The wings taper to a point at the lower 

 end ot the mouth-arm. The free edges of the 3 membranous, leaf-like expansions of the arms 

 are complexly folded and bear numerous mouths which are bordered by a row of small ten- 

 tacles. There are neither clubs, filaments, nor other appendages upon the mouth-arms. The 

 circular muscles of the marginal zone ot the subumbrella are interrupted in the 8 principal 

 radii. 



The cruciform central stomach gives rise to 16 radial-canals, 8 of which extend to the 

 sense-organs and 8 are intermediate and adradial in position. All are connected by a ring- 

 canal. Centripetal to the ring-canal the 16 radial-canals give oft" an anastomosing network 

 of vessels which fuse with the ring-canal, and on its outer side the ring-canal gives off a net- 

 work which extends into the lappets and fuses with the outer ends of the 16 radial-canals. 

 Each of the 8 principal mouth-arm-canals gives off 3 side branches which extend down the 

 3 membranous leaves of the arm and send branches off to the mouths. These 3 branches 

 then fuse again with the central canal at lower end of mouth-arm. 



The medusa is opalescent yellowish or milky bluish-white, sometimes brown. The 

 dendritic ridges of the exumbrella are reddish or brownish-purple. Gonads yellowish. 



This medusa is found in brackish waters near the mouths of rivers from Senegambia, 

 Africa, to France. It is well described and figured by Grenadier and Noll. 



"Crambessa pictonum" of Haeckel, from the mouth of the Loire and in le Croisic harbor, 

 France, is closely related to, if not identical with, C. tugi. It is distinguished, according to 

 Haeckel, by the peculiar rectangular elevations separated by furrows upon the exumbrella. 

 These rectangles are not quite as wide as the largest velar lappets and are all of the same size. 

 They are arranged in a 4-sided, cruciform system upon the exumbrella and are separated 

 one from another by deep, parallel furrows. The velar lappets are said to be somewhat 

 wider than they are long, and the mouth-arms are shorter than in C. ttigi. Haeckel found this 

 medusa in August on the southern coast ot Brittany. He states that when the medusa's bell 



o J 



is 30 mm. wide, the mouth-arms have only a single row of mouth-trills on their ventral sides, 

 as in his genus Huplorluza, and the lateral, leaf-like wings develop later. 



