Pmx 



Cdcc Osp 



FIG. 950. Salamandra atra. The skull. A, from above; B, from below. In both the 

 investing bones are removed on the right side of the figure. Af, antorbital process ; As, 

 alisphenoid region ; Bp, basal plate ; Can. nasal cavity ; Cti, posterior nares ; ('/.process 



process of suspensorium; ped. pedicle :" Pf. pref rental ; Pmx. premaxilla; Pot. otic 

 process of suspensorium ; Pp. palatine process of maxilla ; Ps. parasphenoid ; Pt. ptery- 

 goid bones ; Ptc. pterygoid cartilage ; Rt, foramen for ophthalmic branch of trigeminal ; 

 Qu. quadrate ; Squ. paraquadrate (squamosal) ; St. stapes ; \'o. vomer ; Vop. vomero- 

 p-ilutine ; Z, process of internasal plate ; //, optic foramen ; V, trigeminal foramen ; VII 

 facia! foramen. (From Wiedersheim's Comparative Anatomy.) 



FlQ. 060. Skull of Ichthyophis glutinosa, > 3. A, Lateral ; B, Ventral ; C, Dorsa iview. 

 ' .4, posterior process of the os articnlare ; ('a. carotid foramen ; Ch. choana or posterior nasal 

 opening ; F. frontal : J. jugal ; LO. exoccipital ; MX. maxilla ; N. nasal ; No. nostril ; 

 O. orbit ; P. parietal ; Pa. palatine ; Pm. premaxilla ; Pof. postfrontal ; Prf. prefrontal ; 

 Pt. pterygoid ; Q. quadrate ; S. paraquadrate (squamosal) ; St. stapes ; T. tentacular groove ; 

 Vo. vomer ; A', exit of vagus nerve. (After Sarasin.) 



