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Chevrotains or Mouse-deer (Tragulidce) ; and several large and 

 handsome Gallinaceous Birds, such as the Peacock, Argus 

 Pheasant, and Jungle-fowl. The resemblances to the Ethiopian 

 Kegion are numerous and striking, among the most important 

 being the presence of the Elephant, Rhinoceros, the higher Apes, 

 Lemurs, and Manis. On the other hand, the presence of Deer and 

 Bears furnishes a characteristic difference. 



The Australian Region includes Australia, Tasmania, and the 

 Austro-Malayan Islands as defined above, from Celebes and 

 Lombok on the west to the Solomon Islands on the east, the 

 most important of them being the immense island of Papua or 

 New Guinea. New Zealand and Polynesia are very generally 

 included in this region, but it is more convenient, on the whole, 

 to treat them apart. 



The most striking feature of the region is the almost total 

 absence of Eutheria, the Mammalian fauna belonging mainly to 

 the Marsupials and Monotremes. The last-named order is en- 

 tirely confined to this region, while Marsupials occur elsewhere 

 only in America. The only exceptions are the Dingo or Aus- 

 tralian Wild Dog, which is probably indigenous, the universally 

 distributed groups of Rats, Mice, and Bats, and, in some 

 of the islands bordering on the Oriental region, Deer, Civets, 

 and Pigs. The abundance of Marsupials is very remarkable, all 

 the leading groups of that sub-class, with the exception of 

 the Didelphyidae, or American Opossums, and Ccenolestes, being 

 strictly endemic. 



Equally striking is the number and peculiarity of the endemic 

 Birds, the most important of which are the Emus and Cassowaries, 

 the Mound-makers or Brush Turkeys (Talegallus, &c.), the Birds 

 of Paradise and Bower-birds, the Lyre-bird (Menura), the Cockatoos 

 and Brush-tongued Lories. The great number and variety of 

 Parrots, Kingfishers, and Pigeons is also a marked feature, as also 

 is the absence of Pheasants, Woodpeckers, Finches, and other 

 Birds abundant in the Oriental region. Snakes, Lizards, and 

 Frogs are abundant, and in the rivers of Queensland occurs 

 Ceratodus, one of the three existing genera of Dipnoi. 



The New Zealand Region comprises the three islands of 

 New Zealand (North, South, and Stewart's Islands), together with 

 Norfolk, Lord Howe, and the Kermadec Islands to the north, the 

 Chatham Islands to the east, and the Bounty, Antipodes, Auckland, 

 Campbell, and Macquarie Islands to the south. 



The characteristics of the New Zealand fauna have already been 

 dealt with in some detail. The total absence of land Mammals, 

 with the exception of two Bats and a Rat, the latter probably 

 introduced ; the large proportion of endemic Birds, many of 



