344 ARTICULATA: IXSECTA. 



of spinnerets. Some kinds (Chibione) construct tubes of 

 silk under the bark of trees and under stones. Others, as 

 the Water Spider (Argyroneta aquatica, Linn.) of Europe, 

 live under the surface of the water, there making their 

 nest, which is tilled with air. Others (Tegenarid) make 

 a horizontal web, connected with which is a tubular re- 

 treat, where the spider remains till some fly or other 

 insect becomes entangled in the web. Those belonging 



C5 O c"J 



to the genus Theridion have the four inner ocelli larger 



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than the four outer ones, and the first and last pair of legs 

 longest. The genus Epeira includes those which have a 

 large globular abdomen ; they are sedentary species, con- 

 stracting a web formed of spiral threads, and other 

 threads radiating from a center. Nqphila is a genus of 

 large spiders, which have a long, cylindrical abdomen. 

 Nephila plumipes of the Southern States has become 

 celebrated from the interesting experiments made with it 

 by Dr. B. G. AVilder, who, in less than a day wound from 

 it nearly two miles of silk ! Tliomi'sus includes " wander- 

 ers" having very small cheliceres (maxillary palpi). Do- 

 lomedes includes wanderers which hide under stones, and 

 not unfrequently dive under water, and which make an 

 orbicular cocoon which is carried by the mother. Lycosa 

 (Fig. 464), is a genus of large hairy spiders, with large 

 cheliceres, with the fourth pair of feet the longest, and 

 the third pair shortest. The Tarantula belongs to this 

 genus. The genus Salticus includes the leaping spiders ; 

 they have a large square cephalo-thorax. 



2. THE SUB-ORDER OF PEDIPALPI or Scorpions, and 

 closely allied forms, have the maxillary palpi greatly 

 developed, and in most cases ending in forceps, and their 

 abdomen jointed. It is on account of their jointed abdo- 

 men that they are also called Arthrogastra, from the Gr. 



