CONTENTS IX 



CHAPTER. PAGE. 



HYMENOPTERA, 198. Plant-eating, 198. Parasitic, 

 199. Stinging, 201. 



X. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND THE STRUGGLE FOB 



LIFE, 202 



Habitat, 202. Barriers, 204. Barriers to Entrance. 

 206. Barriers to Existence, 200. Fauna, 207. Zones 

 of Life, 208. Modes of Distribution. 209. Deductions, 

 211. The Struggle of Life, 212. Parasitism, 210. 

 Social Organization, 218. Feigning Death, 219. Arti- 

 ficial Selection, 219. Natural Selection, 220. 



PART II. 



METHODS AND APPARATUS. STRUCTUiK AND CLASSIFICATION OF 



INSECTS. 

 CHAPTER. PAOE. 



I. ACQUISITION AND PRESERVATION OF INSECT FORMS, . 222 



Materials for Field Collecting. 223. How to Make a 

 Net, 223. Another way to Make a Net, 224. Preserv- 

 ing Materials, 225. Field Collecting, 226. Note- 

 book, 227. Map of the Vicinity, 228. Manner of 

 Keeping Records, 228. Collecting at Lights, 230. 

 Sugaring, 230. Preservation of Insects, 230. Cabi- 

 nets, 234. Arrangement of Insects, 235. Relaxing In- 

 sects, 230. Mailing Insects, 236. 



II. LABORATORY EXERCISES 238 



Incomplete Metamorphosis, 238. 



The Grasshopper, 238. Acquisition of Material, 

 239. Care of Breeding-cages, 239. Some Points for 

 Observation, 240. 



The Dragon-fly, 240. 

 Complete Metamorphosis, 242. 



Swallowtail Butterfly. 242. Care of Larvae, 242. 

 Breeding-cage, 243. Records, 243. Care of Pupa-, 

 244. The Adult, 244. 



The House-fly or Bluebottle-fly, 244. Egg, 244. 

 Larva, 245. The Pupa. 24.",. Adult. 245. 

 Companion Books. 



