268 



ELEMENTARY STUDIES IN INSECT LIFE 



Caudal Portion of the Abdomen of the Female.- - The 



eleventh segment is somewhat rounded, and is crossed 

 by a transverse ridge. 



The Cerci are situated similarly as in the male, and 

 are much shorter and not forked. 



The Podical Plates have the same position relative 

 to the cerci as in the male, and are more prominent, 

 curving up under the eleventh dorsal segment. 



Ovipositor. - The most prominent portion of the 

 caudal extremity of the female is the ovipositor. 

 This consists of four horny-tipped pieces, outward 

 curved at the extremities. For their use and the man- 

 ner of using, see Figures 11, 206, and page 9. 



Egg Guide. - The caudal margin of the last ventral 

 segment extends dorsad between the two lower pieces 

 of the ovipositor. This forms the egg guide. 



FIG. 206. Side view of abdomen (female). 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, seg- 

 ments ; Sp, spiracles ; aud, auditory organ ; o, ovipositor ; pp, podical plates ; 

 c, cerci ; /, forked organ. Enlarged about three times. 



JMake drawing of the lateral and dorsal views of the 

 abdomen of the female. 



Spiracles. Just cephalad of the socket of the meso- 

 thoracic leg and a little above, is a small slit-like 

 organ. Watch this in the living insect and you will 

 notice two small valves or lips opening and closing. 



