xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FIG. PAGE 



208. Tornaria larva, from the side (Spengel) .... 420 



209. Dissection of Ascidian (Herdman) ..... 426 



210. Diagram of Ascidian (Herdman) ..... 429 



211. Young embryo of Ascidian (C/avelina] (Van Beneden and 



Julin) . . . . . . .431 



212. Embryo of Clavchna (modified after Seeliger) . . . 432 



213. " Nurse " of Doliohtin iniilleri (Uljanin) .... 435 



214. Sexual individual of Doliohtin mtilleri (Uljanin) . . . 435 



215. Anatomy of Appendicnlaria (Herdman) .... 436 



216. Lateral view of Amphioxus (Ray Lankester) . . . 440 



217. Transverse section through pharyngeal region of Amphioxus 



(Ray Lankester) . . . . . . .441 



218. Development of atrial chamber in Amphioxus (Lankester 



and Willey) ........ 444 



219 and 220. The Nephridia of Amphioxus (Boveri) . . . 446 



221. Early stages in the development of Amphioxus (Hatschek) . 449 



222. Sections through embryos of Amphioxus, to illustrate 



development of body cavity ..... 450 



223. Transverse section through an Elasmobranch embryo (dia- 



grammatic) (Ziegler) ....... 458 



224 and 225. Ideal fore- and hind-limb (Gegenbaur) . . . 465 



226. Longitudinal section of brain of young dog - fish (dia- 



grammatic) (Gaskell) ....... 467 



227. Origin of pineal body (Beard) ...... 468 



228. Diagram of the parts of the brain in Vertebrates (Gaskell) . 469 



229. Diagrammatic section of spinal cord ..... 473 



230. Diagram of the eye . . . . . . . .477 



231. Development of the eye (Balfour and Hertwig) . . . 478 



232. Origin of lungs, liver, and pancreas in the chick (Grette) . 482 



233. Transverse section through a Teleostean embryo (diagram- 



matic) (Ziegler) ........ 484 



234. Diagram of circulation (Leunis) . ..... 487 



235. Development of excretory system of Vertebrate (in part after 



Boveri) ......... 490 



236. Urogenital System ........ 492 



237. Mammalian ovum (Hertwig) ...... 494 



238. Median longitudinal section of anterior end of Myxine 



(Retzius) ......... 498 



239. Respiratory system of hag, from ventral surface . . . 499 



240. The Lamprey (Petromyzon marimts] ..... 502 



241. Longitudinal vertical section of anterior end of larval 



lamprey (Balfour) ....... 503 



242. Restored skeleton of Paheospondylns gunni (Traquair) . 507 



243. Pterichthys milleri, lateral view (restored by Traquair) . 507 



244. Diagram of fish forms in section . . . . 511 



245. Under surface of skull and arches of skate (W. K. 



Parker) 513 



246. Side view of skate's skull (W. K. Parker) .... 514 



247. Skeleton of skate ........ 516 



248. Dissection of nerves of skate . . . . . .518 



