320 



PHYLUM ARTHROPODA. 



_c.s 



feeding period, and also during the period of egg-laying ; this secretion 

 was formerly termed " royal jelly." In addition to this pair of glands, 

 there are in the worker three other gland systems. Of these, the 

 second and third pairs have a common central outlet on the mentum, 

 and secrete the saliva which is plentifully mixed with the nectar during 

 suction. The fourth pair is small, and the ducts open just within the 



mandible. The last three pairs 

 of glands are found also in drone 

 and queen. 



The method of feeding 

 in the bee differs consider- 

 ably in the three types. In 

 the worker, the honey 

 sucked up from flowers is 

 mixed with saliva, passes 

 down the gullet into the 

 crop, thence by the opening 

 of the " stomach mouth " 

 it may reach the true 

 stomach and so be di- 

 gested, or may be carried 

 in the crop to the hive, 

 and there emptied into the 

 cells by regurgitation. The 

 pollen, which is frequently 

 mixed with the honey, is 

 separatsd from the latter 

 by means of the stomach 

 mouth, and is digested. 

 Before impregnation, the 

 queen, like the worker, 

 feeds on pollen and honey ; 

 after it, she is always fed 

 by the attendant workers. 

 The drones, like the young 

 workers, avail themselves 



of the general food-supply of the colony, and do not them- 

 selves collect honey. 



Other systems. --The respiratory system is represented 

 by the ramifying tracheal tubes. They open to the exterior 

 by the lateral spiracles, which can be completely closed. In 

 connection with the tracheae there are large air-sacs. 



-m.t 



FIG. 158. Food canal of bee. In 

 part after Cheshire. 



irt.r., Maxilla; a., antenna; e.,eye; s.g:, 

 salivary glands ; oc., oesophagus ; h.s., 

 honey-sac; s., stopper; c.s. , chylinc 

 stomach; in.t. , Malpighian tubules; 

 s.z., small intestine ; /.?'., large intestine ; 

 st., sting. 



