770 



MAMMALIA. 



are chiefly arboreal, making 

 nests in trees. They seem to 

 feed on fruits. In the sigmoid 

 curvature of the vertebral 

 column the chimpanzees are 

 most like man. 



In connection with the an- 

 thropoid apes may be noticed 

 Pithecanthropes erectus, a new 

 genus erected by Dubois from 

 a fragment of a skull and a 

 femur found by him (fossil) 

 in Java, and alleged to re- 

 present a form intermediate 

 between man and the Anthro- 

 poid apes. 



Family 5. HOMINID/E. 

 Genus Homo. 



The distinctiveness of 

 man from his nearest 

 allies depends on his 

 power of building up 

 ideas and of guiding his 

 conduct by ideals. But 

 there are some structural 

 peculiarities of interest. 



Man alone, after his 

 infancy is past, walks 

 thoroughly erect. Though 

 his head is weighted by 

 a heavy brain, it does not 

 droop forwards. With 

 his upright attitude, the 

 increased command of 

 vocal mechanism is per- 



^ H haps in part connected. 



FIG. 377 . -Skeleton of male gorilla.- Man plants the soles of 



From Ediburgh Museum of Science his feet flat On the ground ; 



and Art. tne g rea t toes are often 



cl., Clavicle; sc., tip of scapula ;..?., prae- l on g er never shorter than 

 sternum; //., humerus ; r., radius; u., ' . . 



ulna; //., ilium; C., coccyx ; P., pubis ; the Others, and 116 in a 



fibuia. schium ; F " femur; *" tibia: f " line with them; he has a 



