ENTOMOLOGY PYCNOGONIDES. 405 



grossipes, 0. Fabr., from Greenland and Norway, N. mixtum, new species, 

 from the west coast of Norway, N. stroemii, new species, probably from the 

 coast of Norway, N. hirtuni, F. (?), from Iceland, N. brevitarse, Kr. (N. 

 hifxtitt/ni, Kr. Groul. Amphipod.) Pallene spinipes (Pygonogotmm) F., from 

 the south coast of Greenland ; P. intermedia, new species, do., and from the 

 R'lltic ; P. discoidea, new species, from the south coast of Greenland, and 

 the northern of Norway. Phoxichilidium femoratum (Nymphvn id., Rathke, 

 Phoxichilus proboscideus, Kroy., Oritltyia coccinea, Johust., Phoxichilidium 

 id. Edwards), from the coast of Greenland, Norway, and Denmark, Ph. 

 petiolatum, new species, from the Oeresund Channel, Ph. fluminense, new 

 species, from the estuary of Hio Janeiro. Phoxichilus spinosus, Mont., from 

 the west coast of Norway. Pycnogonum littorale, Str., from the Baltic, the 

 shores of Norway, and the south coast of Iceland. 3. The transformations 

 of the Pycnogonidse. The earlier states of Nymphon longitarse, Zetes his- 

 pidus, Palleue intermedia, have been examined, with the following results. 

 1. The Pycuogonidae pass through three stages before they attain to their 

 permanent form. 2. In the first stage they are roundish or oval, filled with 

 a mass of yelk, have no abdomen, or more rarely the slightest trace of it, a 

 snout with pincer-shaped upper jaws (found in the young Pycuogoua as well, 

 though wanting in the adult), two pair of feet. The eyes are not yet 

 visible. 3. In the second stage the third pair of feet make their appearance, 

 though yet imperfectly developed, short, with the joints indistinct, or none. 

 The division of the body into segments begins to appear, and the rudiment 

 of an abdomen. The eyes can be distinguished, as well as the first and 

 second pair of jaws, at least in some species. The body either is still filled 

 witli yelk (Nymphou grossipes), in which case the young still cling fast to 

 the underside of the parent, or the yelk is consumed, the body clear and 

 pellucid (Pallene intermedia), and then the young doubtless leaves the 

 parent, to seek its own food in the water. 4. In the third stage the young 

 acquires a fourth and last pair of feet in rudimentary form, while the pre- 

 ceding pairs have become much more developed, the shape of the body is 

 more lengthened and slender, approaching to that of the adult. The pairs 

 of jaws when distinguishable are much stunted, not only small in size but 

 without joints. 5. After another moult the animal has nearly the form 

 which it retains thenceforth. The changes are limited to these, that the 

 younger ones are plumper, the old more lank, and that the latter three pair 

 of feet are originally shorter than the first pair, diminishing in length to the 

 last, but after some time they have all grown to an equal size with the first, 

 while the palps become developed in like manner. 



[With reference to the essay of Erichsou (Eutomographien 1, On the 

 Zoological Characters of Insects, &c.) translated in this volume, it seems 

 not out of place to notice the view of Kroyer respecting the determination 



