HELMINTHOLOGY HELMINTHES DUBII. 495 



infusoria-like contents to the enigmatical, caudate Posro- 

 spermata described by Joli. Miiller (Miiller's Archiv, 1811, 

 Taf. xii, Fig. 3, a, y, and Fig. 9, a.} 



Orsted (Entwurf einer system. Eintheil. und speciel. Be- 

 schreibung der Plattwiirrner, p. 14) speaks of Leucoplirys-like 

 Entozoa, which he had met with in the Rhabdoccelre, with- 

 out describing them more particularly ; probably the Opalina 

 are thereby intended, which the Reporter has frequently 

 seen in the intestinal canal of the Planarise. 



Goodfellow (The Lancet, Oct. 1844, p. 45 ; or London 

 Med. Gazette, Aug. 1844, p. 724) remarked in the blood 

 and in the vomited contents of the stomach of a typhus 

 patient myriads of very lively active animalcules, of from 

 _L_th to g-^th of a line in length, and presenting no dis- 

 tinction of head and tail. He also recognised the same 

 corpuscles in the bloody exudations of the mouth and 

 nasal mucous membrane, as well as, forty-eight hours after 

 death, in the aorta, carotids, vena cava, and in the fluid of 

 the stomach. These creatures were certainly nothing but 

 the vibriories which occur in such countless multitudes in 

 all putrefying and fermenting [animal] fluids, and which 

 are constantly to be met with in the mucus of the mouth, 

 which collects between the roots of the teeth. 



Hammerschmidt (Archiv, f. physiol. u. patholog. Chernie, u. 

 Microscopic, 1844-, p. 83) thinks he has found new Entozoa 

 in the urine of Serpents, which in their motions might be 

 regarded as Spermatozoa, but which in form and size nearly 

 approach Bodo and the caudate monads. Their oval-lan- 

 ceolate body presents a very slender filamentary rostellum 

 and a thicker shorter tail. 



According to the observations of Gruby and Delafond 

 (Comptes rendus, 1843, torn, xiii, p. 1034 ; or Institut. 

 1843, p. 426; orFroriep's n. Notiz. 1843, Nr. 609, p. 233), 

 four species of living animalcules occur in the paunch and 

 reticulum of ruminating animals during digestion, the 

 Horse is said, at this time, to present even seven species of 

 these animalcules in the csecum and colon, whilst in the 



