POLYPI. 537 



Bruxelles, t. xii, 1844) he has given a preliminary histo- 

 rical review of what had hitherto been done with reference 

 to the Campanularire, which is succeeded by his own observa- 

 tions, according to which the Campanulariee multiply by 

 gemmation as well as by ova. The gemmae commence, as 

 in Hydra, in simple offsets, but in a definite number, and at 

 determinate distances from each other, to which the regular 

 figure of the polypidom is owing. In this polypidom certain 

 of the gemmae are developed in the axils of the branches 

 into ovarian cells, the progeny of which present in all respects 

 the form of a pulmograde Medusa (schirmqualle), with mar- 

 ginal cirri and capsular marginal bodies. The memoir 

 concludes with the particular description of Campanularia 

 t/elatinosa, genicuhda, volubilis, and syrinya, to which beauti- 

 ful figures are also added. In the second memoir (Recherches 



O ' * 



sur 1'Embryogenie des Tubulaires, ib.) Van Beneden has 

 also commenced with an historical sketch of the works 

 hitherto published respecting the Tubularise, and afterwards 

 endeavoured to show how they multiply in five different 

 modes, viz. : 1. By gemmules, which do not detach them- 

 selves from the stem. 2. By gemmules, which become 

 detached. 3. By simple ova. 4. By self-multiplying ova. 5. By 

 gemmules becoming detached, which produce ova. The 

 Reporter, however, supposes that Van Beneden, in conse- 

 quence of his mistaking the divisional process which takes 

 place in the vitellus of the ova, has not quite correctly under- 

 stood the modes of multiplication of the Tubularire. To this 

 history of the development of the Tubularise Van Beneden 

 has also added a complete description, illustrated by figures, 

 of this family, according to the classification proposed by 

 him (vid. sup.) He has comprised these observations on 

 the Campanularise and Tubularire, in the following state- 

 ment (Miiller's Archiv, 18-14, p. 110) : " These Polypes have 

 no sexual organs, and also produce no female individuals ; 

 but what have hitherto been taken for females are young 

 animals; of the five different modes of propagation, three or 

 four are frequently presented by one and the same species 



