108 REPORT ON ZOOLOGY, MDCCCXLIII. 



cinato-subconici), with longitudinal rows of hooks directed 

 backwards; they pass into seizing and strangling teeth 

 (Fang/alme and \Vilrgezahne). 



The two former kinds appertain to the Cyprini with a 

 long intestine, the two latter to those with a short intestine. 

 The 54 genera admitted by the author, and among which 

 are 28 of Heckel's, are next divided into 10 tribes, and all 

 of them fully characterized ; and in this summary all the 

 species are enumerated, with the necessary citations and 

 statement of habitat. In respect to the generic characters 

 I am compelled to refer to the work itself, the study of 

 which is indispensable in the history of the Cyprinidse. In 

 many genera the author is not acquainted Avith the form 

 of the pharyngeal teeth from want of materials, and a 

 great number of species still require examination on the 

 same account, so that this family is not as yet completely 

 set in order. The new species from Syria are the following : 



Tx/rbus Lacerta, iiedordl/x, perniciosus, G/yftts, Scinctts, R(/j(t//<>i-/!ni, AVv.v///,- 

 Kotsd/yi ; "Li'cnihurlnix asanthopterus, esodnus, Scheldt; Sca- 

 '/'/////>, J'nilrn'i'lit, Umbla, socialis, peregrinorum ; AV/.v/o/^/.s- li/l,'/'s. 

 ; Phoxinettus Z&regi ; ([i/jirh/imi uincroxlomus, Kais, Ot/pris ; D'*,"////,///- 

 tlius r<ti-ii/liilix, rufits, obt its/is ; Tylognathw <KII/I>S ; Amn'/mL-iimf ccnti- 

 xi/ntiiii<t, MI/I-:,/ /!/, Ai-rJiinlit, rttjiitlti ; Chondrochilm rcii'ms; S<i/i/i!i/tx llerak, 

 Ayi/7/'.v, i-i'ii/Kitii/ixis, nji/'i-i/fs ; Axpiiis roni.r ; Al/i/ifit/rx ,S'r/////, i,///-/-<i/r'ji/y, cceru- 

 li-us, lit'bfx, Hioxxt'.leiisis, capltu, i>t<lliJtts ; Colitis frenata, Panthera, insignis, 

 Tit/i-is, Lcopardus. 



Although the 17th Volume of the Histoire Naturelle des 

 Poissons, by Cuvier and Valenciennes, did not appear till 

 1844, I have nevertheless thought it convenient to notice it 

 in this place. Valenciennes includes in this volume the 

 true edentate Cyprinidse. He, in general, follows an entirely 

 opposite principle to that of Heckel. Whilst the latter 

 endeavours, by means of constant characters, to sever, to 

 distinguish, which may perhaps occasionally lead rather 

 to an artificial than a natural system, Valenciennes on the 

 other hand tries to unite, and is more inclined to bring 

 allied forms into large groups. Thus he collects a great 



