HELMIXTHOLOGY HELMIXTHES NEMATODES. 465 



Trichocephalus dispar, this worm causes no particular symp- 

 toms. It is of a yellowish, reddish, or brown colour. The 

 head is not distinct from the cylindrical body, the round 

 oral orifice appears to be armed with four booklets placed 

 upon conical elevations, and curved towards the middle. 

 The oesophagus, as it descends, becomes dilated into a 

 clavate form, and is always distinct from the blackish 

 stomach (intestine ?) . The tail of the male individuals is 

 distinguished from the obtuse caudal extremity of the 

 females by a fan-shaped dilatation, in which the external 

 genitals are situated. The caudal extremity of the females 

 is always less curved than that of the males. The integu- 

 ment is transversely striated, the intestine opens laterally 

 at the caudal extremity, and is surrounded either by the 

 oviduct which contains elliptic ovules, or by the spermatic 

 tube. The latter expands in the middle of the body into a 

 sort of seminal vesicle, is afterwards contracted and pro- 

 ceeds to the genital orifice, at which is attached a club- 

 shaped penis. The fan-shaped expansion of the caudal 

 extremity of the male would appear to constitute a sort of 

 funnel, by the transparent walls of which eleven csecal 

 appendages are strengthened, which Dubini may term sper- 

 matic appendages (Samenanhaugscl), but which in all re- 

 spects remind the Reporter of the caudal lobes of the male 

 Strongyli. 



Another problematic nematoid worm has been found by 

 Thomas Stratton (Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal. 

 July, 1843, p. 261) at Kingsdon, in Canada, within the 

 abdominal cavity of a Bitch. The four individuals were 

 alive, of a light-brown colour, the largest of them was 8i 

 inches in length, and the smallest 6. No opening could be 

 discovered in any part of the intestinal canal of the Dog, 

 from which these worms could have escaped. Stratton 

 proceeds to inquire whether they might not have reached 

 the abdominal cavity of the Bitch through the [Fallopian] 

 tubes, from without. A more particular description of these 

 worms is wanting. 



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