221 



Asteroids no breaking up and subsequent rearrangement of the eiliated 

 band into transverse rings has been observed, such as it occurs especially 

 in Holothurians, but also, more or less distinctly, in Ophiuroids and Kclii- 

 noids; accordingly we cannot speak of a pup a -si age in Asleroids 

 corresponding to that of Holothurians and (more or less modified) of 

 Ophiuroids and Echinoids. Neither do the forms with direct development 

 (Henricia, Solasler etc.) develop ciliated rings, as do the Crinoids and 

 Holothurians with abbreviated or direcl development; there is only a 

 general ciliation in these reduced starfish-larvae. It is, of course, possible 

 that larva? with ciliated rings may occur among those of the Phanerozonia 

 which have direct development; but as yet we do not know a single case 

 of such larva? within the Asteroids - and this fact is not in favour of the 

 suggestion lhal the simple, wormshaped larva provided with ciliated rings, 

 like the Comalulid- and the Dendrochirote-larvse, represents the primitive 

 Echinoderm-larva. 



Two more forms of starfish-larva' have been described, which would 

 appear to represent special types differing essentially from the main types 

 treated above. They must be briefly mentioned here. 



In my Memoir on "Die Echinodermenlarven d. deulschen Siidpolar- 

 Expedition" 1 ) p. 89 notice is given of a larva with more than 20 Hrachio- 

 larian processes, the general shape of the larva being otherwise like that 

 of a typical Asterias-larva; the larva itself I had not examined, the descrip- 

 tion being founded on observations of the living specimen made by Van- 

 hoffen during the stay of that Expedition in the Antarctic Sea. As later 

 on the specimen of this larva was examined by me, those numerous Bra- 

 chiolarian arms were found to be a mistake; they were nothing but the 

 spines of the young metamorphosing starfish. A correction of the de- 

 scription was given in the "Vorwort" to the said volume of the "Deutsche 

 Siidpolar-Expedition", p. VI; but as this correction is very likely to be 

 overlooked I have found it my duly to mention it here. 



In 1906 Koehler & Yaney 2 ) published the description of a remark- 

 able new Asteroid-larva, taken in the vicinity of the A/ores, which was 

 named Stellospluvra mirabilis. Only I wo stages were observed, the younger 

 being provided with clusters of large spines, which were absent in the later 

 stage, so that a remarkable, regressive development of the calcareous 

 bodies in the larval skin lakes place during the progressing development 



') Deutsche Sudpolar-F.xpcdilion l!t(U HIM:!. 15(1. XIV. Xoologie VI. I'.llli. 



-) H. K oe hi IT ct (',1. Vanev. Description d'ime nouvclle larve d'Asterie appurtenant 

 trcs vralsemblablemenl a imr forme al>\ssale. Hull. Mus. oceanogr. Monaco. No. ill. limn. 



The description was reprinted in Koehler's great work "fichinodermes provenant des 

 campagnes du yacht I'rinccsse Aliee (Astcries, Ophiures, Kchinides el Crinoi'desl, Kcs. d. 

 Camp. Scient. Monaco. I-'asc. XXXIV. 1909. p. i:;i Kill. PI. XX l\. 



