THE HYPOPHARYXX 



75 



Neuroptera, and the hypopharynx of the bees (Fig. 80). Lucas 

 describes and figures it under the name of " haustellum," but does 



FIG. 75. Head of Analofia furcata : A, front view, >lio\ving the labrum removed. 5, side 

 view ; ant, antenna ; oe, ocellus ; ol, labrum ; gh, articulatory process ; cw/a'j, cardo ; xtin&i, stipes ; 

 lemaii, outer lobe tgalea) ; jifnta-i, palpus of 1st maxilla ; jit, palpus of 2d maxilla ; tut. haustellum ; 

 o, gustatory pits ; .s/', opening of salivary duct ; chinp, chitinous hook of the clasp ; apr, furrow or 

 gutter ol the haustellum. After Lucas. 



not homologize it with the hypopharynx. The caddis-flies have been 

 observed to drink water and take in both fluid and fine particles 



of solid food, and to use the haustellum 

 for this purpose, the end being pro- 

 vided with minute sense-organs like 

 those on the first maxillary lacinia, and 

 possibly of a gustatory nature. 



The spinneret of the larvae of Lepi- 

 doptera is evidently the homologue of 

 the hypopharynx of insects of other 

 orders. It will be seen that the homol- 

 ogy of the different parts is identical, 

 the common duct of the silk-glands 

 opening at the end of the hypo- 

 pharynx, which here forms a complete 

 tube or proboscis extending beyond the 

 end of the labium, in adaptation to its 

 use as a spinning organ. 



Walter refers to Burgess's discovery 

 of a hypopharynx in Danais archippus, 



FIG. 7fi. Hypopharynx of Erio- 

 cepltala c<i/tf ll,i ; li<j. ligula, its mem- 

 branous hinder edpe ; lig', anterior 

 horny edge of the lifrula-tube opening 

 outwards ; tip, contour of the hypo- 

 pharynx ; mi, mala interior (lacinia); 

 me, mala exterior (galeal, of second 

 maxilla; mx'p, labial palpus. After 

 Walter. 



