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TEXT-BOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY 



A, Fig. 314) " is seen to continually run up in folds, and gather itself over the 

 top of the stomach-mouth, bringing with it, by the aid of its setse, the large 

 pollen-grains the nectar contains." The lips (Z, I, B, Fig. 314), now opening, 

 take in this pollen, which is driven forwards into the cavity made between the 

 separating lips by an inflow of the tiuid surrounding the granules. The lips in 

 turn close, but the down-pointing bristles are thrown outwards from the face of 

 the leaflet, in this way revealing their special function, as the pollen is prevented 



sm, 



FIG. 314. " Honey-sac stopper," " stomach-mouth," or calyx-hell of honey-bee, x 50. A, front 

 view of one of the lobes of the calyx -bell ; /, lip-like point, covered by down-turned bristles (//); 

 sm, side membrane. R, longitudinal section of the stomach-mouth, with continuations into en- 

 trance of rhylc-st arli ; /, /. lip-like ends of leaflets; , seta' ; Ini, longitudinal muscles; tm, 



transverse muscles in cross-section; cl, cell-layer of honey-sac; /..)/. '/'.'/, longitudinal anil trans- 

 verse muscles of same; IK', nucleated cells of tubular extension of Stomach-mouth into chyle- 

 stomach ; ///(', tin', longitudinal and transverse muscles of chyle stomach ; <. <', cells covered within 

 by an intinia. 1\ cross-section of stomach-mouth ; in, cross-section of muscles seen at Im in />' ; 

 ////, transverse muscles surrounding stomach-mouth. />, cross-section through small intestine; 

 a and m, longitudinal and surrounding muscles. After Cheshire. 



from receding while the nectar passes back into the honey-sac, strained through 

 between the bristles aforesaid, the last parts escaping by the loop-like openings 

 seen in the corners of C, Fig. 314. The whole process is immediately and very 

 rapidly repeated, so that the pollen collects and the honey is cleared. "Three 

 purposes, in addition to those previously enumerated, are thus subserved by 

 this wondrous mechanism. First, the bee can either eat or drink from the 

 mixed diet she carries, gulping down the pollen in pellets, or swallowing the 

 nectar as her necessities demand. Second, when the collected pollen is driven 



