NEUROPTERA STREPSIPTEIIA. 



5G5 



Hydropsyche and Rhyacophila, sore fastened to stones. In the walls of these 

 cases there are sand grains, bits of plants and empty snail shells. The larvae 

 have biting mouth parts and filiform tracheal gills on the body segments. They 

 project their horny head and thoracic segments, with their three pairs of legs, 

 from these tubes and crawl about. The pupa leaves the case, which serves also 

 as a pupal skin, and develops into the winged insect out of the water. The per- 

 fect insect resembles the Lcpiduptcra in many respects, and lives near water on 

 leaves, and the stems of trees. The female lays her eggs in clumps enclosed in 

 a gelatinous case on stones and leaves near water. Phryganea strlata L. 

 (fig. 4(59). Hytstacidcs ^[uaArifasoiattis Fabr., Hy&ropsycTie varlabilig Fict. 



Order 4. Strepsiptera.* 



Insects with rudimentary anterior wings rolled up at the points and 

 large hind wings which can be folded longitudinally. The mouth parts 

 are rudimentary. In the female there are neither wings nor legs. The 

 larvce are parasitic in the body of Hymenoptera. 



The mouth parts are reduced in the adult sexual animal, and 



FIG. 469. a, riiryganea strlata. b, The larva freed from its case (resiie animr.l). 



consist of two pointed mandibles which overlap one another, and 

 small maxillse, which are fused with the lower lip and are provided 

 with two-jointed palps. The prothorax and mesothorax are two very 

 short rings, but the metathorax is unusually elongated, and covers 

 the base of the abdomen, which consists of nine segments. The 

 males possess small rolled-up wing covers, and very large hind wings, 

 which can be folded longitudinally like a fan. The females have 

 no eyes, and remain through life without wings or legs like 

 maggots ; they never leave their pupal skin nor their parasitic 



* W. Kirby, "Strepsiptera, a new order of Insects," Transact. Linn. See., 

 Tom X. 



v. Siebold, "Ueber Xenos sphecidarum und dessen Schmarotzcr," Ceitriige 

 zur Naturgcschichte der wirbellosen Thiere, 1839. 



ruv. Siebold, ' Ueber Strepsiptera," Archiv fur Naturgesch., Tom IX., 1843. 

 Ctis, "British Entomology," London, 1849. 



