590 IXSECTA. 



Cupris lunar i* L., AphoMus subterraneus Fabr., Geot-rupes vernal is L., G. 

 stercorarliiti L., Ithlzntroijug xolstitiitllx L., MelolontlM vulgarlx Fabr.. Cock- 

 chafer. The larva? at first live together and feed on fresh vegetable substances, 

 later (in the second and third years) on roots, which they destroy, doing great 

 damage. Towards the end of the fourth summer the beetle is usually developed 

 from the pupa, which lies in a smooth round hole, but it remains in the earth till 

 the next spring. M. liippocaxtani Fabr., Cetonia aurata L., Ateut-hus an err L., 

 Oryctes naslcornis L. 



Fam. Dormestids (Speckkiifer). Attatjcnus pcllio L. (Pelzkiifcr). Dcrniestes 

 lardarius L., (Speckkiifer). 



Fam. Histeridse (Stutzkiifer). Ulster maculatus L., OntopJtiltis atriatu-s Fabr. 



Fam. Silphidse (Aasklifer). Beetles and larvse live on and lay their eggs in 

 decomposing animal and vegetable matters ; some of them even attack living 

 insects and larva?. When .attacked many defend themselves by the ejection of 

 a stinking anal excretion. Silpha, thoracicu FaTor., S. obscura Fabr. Aiecro- 

 2)horus vcspiHo Fabr., JV. r/frmatiicus Fabr. (Todtengraber). 



Fam. Pselaphidse. Live in the dark under stones and in colonies of ants. 

 PselapJtus Seisei Herbst, Clarlyer tcstaceus Pr. 



Fam. Staphylinidse (Kurzdeckfliiglcr). Jfyrmedoma canaliculata Fabr. 

 Live among ants. Staphylinus maxillosus L., Omallum r'u-ulare Payk. 



Fam. Hydrophilidae (Palpicornia). Swimming beetles with short club-shaped 

 antennre and long maxillary palps, which often project beyond the antennae. 

 Feed on plants. Hydrophilus piceus L., Hy&robius fuscipes L. 



Fam. Dytiscidee. Swimming-beetles, with filiform, ten- or eleven-jointed 

 antenna; and broad swimming legs beset with setse ; the hind legs project 

 back and are especially adapted for swimming by the possession of a close 

 covering of swimming-hairs. Colynibetes fttseus L.. Dytiscus margmalis, Sturm. 



Fam. Carabidae.* Running beetles, with eleven-jointed filiform antennse, power- 

 ful pincer-shapcd mandibles, and running legs. The elongated larva? possess 

 four-jointed antenna?, four to five ocelli on each side, sickle-shaped projecting 

 pincers, and fairly long five-jointed -legs Ifarpalus cencus Fabr., Krachiniift 

 crcpltans K. (Bombardirkiifer). Caralvs anratus L.. Procrustes corlaccus L. 



Fam. Cicindelidse. Tiger-beetles. Mandibles with three teeth. The larvre 

 form subterranean passages, possess a broad head, very large sickle-shaped 

 curved jaws, and bear on the dorsal surface of the eighth segment of the body 

 two horny hooks for attachment in the passage, at the opening of which they 

 lie in wait for prey. Cicindda campcstrls L. (fig. 4S4). 



Order 9. HvMENOPTERA.t 



Insects with Intiwj and licking mouth parts, fused protliorax, Jour 

 membranous loings with only few nervures. Metamorj)hosis complete. 



The body has as a rule an elongated form, and possesses a freely 



* Dcjean, "Species general des Coltiopteres, etc." Tom I.-V., Paris, 1825- 

 1831. 



j L. Jurine, "Nouvellc methode de classer les Hymenoptercs ct les Dipteres.' 

 Tom. L, Hymenopteres. Geneva, 1807. 



C. Gravenhorst, " Ichncumologia Kurop;ca," Vratislaviip, 1829. J. Th. C. 

 Batzcburg, ' Die Ichncumoncn der Forstinsccten." 3 Bde. Berlin, LSii-lSoi 



G. Dahlbom, " ITymcnoptera Europiea, prrucipuc borealia." Lund. 1845. 



v. Siebold, ' Bcitriige zur Parthenogenesis dcr Arthropoden." Leipzig, 1871. 



